Nokea
The nurse is assisting a couple to develop decisions for their birth plan. Which of the following decisions should be considered nonnegotiable by the parents?
- A. Whether or not the father will be present during labor.
- B. Whether or not the woman will have an episiotomy.
- C. Whether or not the woman will be able to have an epidural.
- D. Whether or not the father will be able to take pictures of the delivery.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The decision regarding the father's presence during labor is deeply personal and should respect the parents' wishes. Medical interventions like episiotomy or epidural can involve clinical judgment, but the presence of a partner is entirely up to the parents.
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What is the total number of chromosomes contained in a mature sperm or ovum?
- A. 22
- B. 23
- C. 44
- D. 46
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gametes (sex chromosomes) contain 23 chromosomes.
The nurse is assessing a 38-week pregnant woman who is experiencing severe abdominal pain and has not felt her baby move for several hours. What is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take?
- A. Encourage the patient to drink water and rest.
- B. Notify the healthcare provider immediately.
- C. Ask the patient to lie on her left side and monitor fetal movements.
- D. Reassure the patient that this is common at the end of pregnancy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Notify the healthcare provider immediately. This is the most appropriate action because the pregnant woman is experiencing severe abdominal pain and has not felt her baby move for several hours, which could indicate a potential emergency situation such as placental abruption or fetal distress. Prompt notification of the healthcare provider is crucial for timely evaluation and management to ensure the well-being of both the mother and the baby.
Choice A is incorrect because simply encouraging the patient to drink water and rest may delay necessary medical intervention. Choice C is incorrect as monitoring fetal movements without immediate healthcare provider notification may lead to a critical delay in assessment and treatment. Choice D is incorrect as reassuring the patient without further evaluation could overlook a serious issue.
The nurse is caring for a pregnant patient who is at 25 weeks gestation and is concerned about gestational diabetes. Which of the following symptoms should the nurse educate the patient to watch for?
- A. Increased thirst and frequent urination
- B. Severe leg cramps and dizziness
- C. Constant fatigue and swollen feet
- D. Shortness of breath and dizziness upon standing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased thirst and frequent urination. These symptoms are indicative of gestational diabetes due to elevated blood sugar levels. Increased thirst is a result of the body trying to dilute the excess glucose through increased fluid intake, leading to frequent urination. This occurs because the kidneys work to eliminate the excess glucose from the blood by excreting it in the urine. Therefore, educating the patient to watch for these symptoms is crucial for early detection and management of gestational diabetes.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not directly correlate with the symptoms of gestational diabetes. Severe leg cramps and dizziness (Choice B) may be related to other factors such as dehydration or electrolyte imbalance. Constant fatigue and swollen feet (Choice C) could be common symptoms during pregnancy but are not specific to gestational diabetes. Shortness of breath and dizziness upon standing (Choice D) are more likely to be related to issues such as anemia or changes
The patient who has received a dose of preservative- free morphine (Duramorph) is beginning to experience pruritus. Which medication is used to treat this?
- A. Low-dose naloxone infusion
- B. Diphenhydramine
- C. Dilaudid
- D. Sublimaze
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Diphenhydramine. Pruritus is a common side effect of opioid medications like morphine. Diphenhydramine, an antihistamine, can help relieve itching. Low-dose naloxone infusion (A) is used for opioid overdose, not pruritus. Dilaudid (C) and Sublimaze (D) are other opioid medications similar to morphine, and using them would not address the pruritus. Diphenhydramine is the most appropriate choice to alleviate the itching without interfering with the pain relief provided by the morphine.
A pregnant patient at 32 weeks gestation reports swelling in the feet and hands. What should the nurse do first?
- A. Monitor the patient's blood pressure and assess for signs of preeclampsia.
- B. Encourage the patient to elevate her feet and rest for 30 minutes.
- C. Recommend that the patient drink more water and reduce sodium intake.
- D. Assess the patient for signs of a blood clot or deep vein thrombosis.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monitor the patient's blood pressure and assess for signs of preeclampsia. At 32 weeks gestation, swelling in the feet and hands can be a sign of preeclampsia, a serious condition characterized by high blood pressure and protein in the urine. Monitoring blood pressure is crucial as elevated blood pressure is a key indicator of preeclampsia. Assessing for other signs of preeclampsia such as headache, visual disturbances, or upper abdominal pain is important for early detection and management. Prompt intervention is necessary to prevent complications for both the mother and the baby.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because while elevation of feet, rest, hydration, and reducing sodium intake are important in managing mild swelling during pregnancy, in this case, the priority is to rule out preeclampsia which can lead to severe complications if left untreated. Assessing for blood clots or deep vein thrombosis is also important but