Wongs Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Test Bank

Wongs Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Test Bank Related

Review Wongs Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Test Bank related questions and content

The nurse is aware that multiple sclerosis is a progressive disease of the central nervous system characterized by:

  • A. Axon degeneration
  • B. Sclerosed patches of nervous system
  • C. Demyelination of the brain and spinal cord
  • D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive disease of the central nervous system characterized by all the given options: axon degeneration, sclerosed patches of the nervous system, and demyelination of the brain and spinal cord. Axon degeneration occurs due to the damage caused by the immune system attacking the myelin sheath. Sclerosed patches of the nervous system result from the formation of scar tissue in the central nervous system. Demyelination is the hallmark feature of MS, where the protective covering of nerve fibers (myelin) is damaged, leading to disrupted communication between the brain and the rest of the body. Collectively, these characteristics contribute to the clinical manifestations and progression of multiple sclerosis.

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Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents; it has multiple subtypes and requires different modalities of treatment including surgery and chemotherapy. Of the following, the subtype of osteosarcoma which is treated by surgery alone is

  • A. fibroblastic
  • B. chondroblastic
  • C. parosteal
  • D. periosteal
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Periosteal osteosarcoma is often treated with surgery alone if margins are clear.

A worried mother of a 4-year-old boy describes attacks of inconsolable crying and prefers to play alone. The MOST appropriate action is

  • A. reassures her that this is a normal phenomenon
  • B. seek more history regarding other skills and developmental domains
  • C. refer her to pediatric psychiatry
  • D. investigate social issues of the family
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Further history is needed to rule out behavioral or psychological issues.

A client comes to the clinic complaining of weight loss, fatigue, and a low-grade fever. Physical examination reveals a slight enlargement of the cervical lymph nodes. To assess possible causes for the fever, it would be most appropriate for the nurse to initially ask: a."Have you bee sexually active lately?" b, "Do you have a sore throat at the present time?"

  • A. "Have you been exposed recently to anyone with an infection?"
  • B. "When did you first notice that your temperature had gone up?"
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: When assessing a client with symptoms of weight loss, fatigue, low-grade fever, and lymphadenopathy (enlarged lymph nodes), it is important to investigate potential causes of infection. In this scenario, considering the client's symptoms and signs, asking if they have been exposed recently to anyone with an infection helps in determining the possibility of an infectious etiology for their symptoms. This question can provide valuable information to guide further assessment and diagnostic evaluation.

A client seeks care for hopeless that has lasted for 1 month. To elicit the most appropriate information about this problem, the nurse should ask which question.

  • A. "Do you smoke cigarettes, cigars or pipe?"
  • B. "Do you eat a lot of red meat?"
  • C. "Have you strained your voice recently?"
  • D. "Do you eat spicy foods?"
Correct Answer: E

Rationale: The most appropriate question to elicit information about feelings of hopelessness lasting for 1 month would be related to mental health and emotional well-being. Therefore, asking about smoking habits, diet, voice strain, or spicy food consumption are not directly relevant to the client's presenting concern. Instead, asking about the individual's feelings, thoughts, and experiences related to the ongoing feelings of hopelessness would provide essential information for understanding and addressing the client's mental health needs.

A 52-year old female tells the nurse that she has found a painless lump in her right breast during her monthly self-examination. Which assessment finding would strongly suggest that this client's lump is cancerous?

  • A. Eversion of the right nipple and mobile
  • B. Mobile mass that is soft and easily mass delineated
  • C. Non-mobile mass with irregular edges
  • D. Non palpable right axillary lymph nodes
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A non-mobile mass with irregular edges is a strong indicator of a cancerous lump in the breast. Cancerous lumps often feel fixed or attached to the surrounding tissue and may have irregular shapes rather than smooth, round contours. The lack of mobility and irregular edges increase suspicion for malignancy and warrant further investigation, such as imaging studies and biopsies. It is important for this patient to follow up with a healthcare provider promptly for further evaluation and appropriate management.

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