Respiratory System Exam Questions

Respiratory System Exam Questions Related

Review Respiratory System Exam Questions related questions and content

The nurse is caring for a 30-year-old American Indian female who is taking Rifater, a drug
containing rifampin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide. The patient asks how long she will have to
take the medication. Which response explains when the patient may discontinue the
medication?

  • A. When the sputum culture comes back negative.
  • B. When the medication has been taken for 9 months
  • C. When three consecutive sputum cultures are negative
  • D. When the tuberculin skin test (TST) is no longer positive
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: When three consecutive sputum cultures are negative. This indicates successful treatment completion and eradication of the tuberculosis infection. A negative sputum culture confirms that the patient is no longer infectious and can safely discontinue the medication.

Choice A is incorrect because a single negative sputum culture does not guarantee complete eradication of the infection. Choice B is incorrect as the standard treatment duration for tuberculosis is typically 6-9 months, but discontinuation should be based on sputum culture results. Choice D is incorrect as the TST can remain positive even after successful treatment, as it reflects exposure to the tuberculosis bacteria, not active infection status.

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) includes

  • A. Emphysema
  • B. Bronchitis
  • C. Asthma
  • D. All these
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is an umbrella term that encompasses both emphysema and bronchitis. Emphysema is characterized by damage to the air sacs in the lungs, while bronchitis involves inflammation of the bronchial tubes. Asthma, on the other hand, is a separate condition characterized by reversible airway obstruction. Therefore, choices A, B, and C are incorrect, as only emphysema and bronchitis fall under the category of COPD.

A 19-year-old client comes to the emergency department with acute asthma. His respiratory rate is 44 breaths/minute, and he appears in acute respiratory distress. Which of the following actions should be taken first?

  • A. Take a full medical history.
  • B. Give a bronchodilator by nebulizer.
  • C. Apply a cardiac monitor to the client.
  • D. Provide emotional support to the client.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Give a bronchodilator by nebulizer. In acute asthma, the priority is to relieve respiratory distress by opening up the airways. Bronchodilators help to quickly alleviate bronchospasm and improve airflow. This action should be taken first to improve the client's breathing. Taking a full medical history (A) can be important but is not the priority in this acute situation. Applying a cardiac monitor (C) is not the immediate concern in acute asthma. Providing emotional support (D) is also important but should come after ensuring the client's respiratory distress is managed.

which component of pharynx received the Eustachian tube

  • A. oropharynx
  • B. laryngopharynx
  • C. Nasopharynx
  • D. none of these
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Nasopharynx. The Eustachian tube connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx, allowing for pressure equalization. The oropharynx (A) and laryngopharynx (B) do not directly receive the Eustachian tube. Choice D is incorrect as the Eustachian tube does connect to a specific part of the pharynx.

Mammalian RBC respire anaerobically because

  • A. It has stroma inside
  • B. It has Haemoglobin
  • C. It lacks Mitochondria
  • D. It has bicarbonate ions inside
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because mammalian RBCs lack mitochondria, which are responsible for aerobic respiration. Without mitochondria, RBCs are unable to perform oxidative phosphorylation to generate ATP aerobically. Stroma (A) is found in chloroplasts, not RBCs. Hemoglobin (B) is responsible for oxygen transport, not cellular respiration. Bicarbonate ions (D) are involved in the buffering system of blood, not in cellular respiration. Therefore, the lack of mitochondria is the key reason for RBCs to respire anaerobically.

The nurse is caring for a patient who has been scheduled for a bronchoscopy. How should the nurse prepare the patient for this procedure?

  • A. Administer a bolus of IV fluids.
  • B. Arrange for the insertion of a peripherally inserted central catheter.
  • C. Administer nebulized bronchodilators every 2 hours until the test.
  • D. Withhold food and fluids for several hours before the test.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because withholding food and fluids for several hours before a bronchoscopy is important to prevent aspiration during the procedure. When the patient is sedated for the bronchoscopy, there is an increased risk of vomiting, and having an empty stomach reduces this risk. Administering IV fluids (choice A) is not necessary unless clinically indicated. Inserting a peripherally inserted central catheter (choice B) is not typically required for a bronchoscopy. Administering nebulized bronchodilators (choice C) may not be needed for all patients and should be based on the individual's respiratory condition.

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