Nokea
The nurse is caring for a child with suspected ingestion of some type of poison. What action should the nurse take next after initiating cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)?
- A. Empty the mouth of pills, plants, or other material.
- B. Question the victim and witness.
- C. Place the child in a side-lying position.
- D. Call poison control.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
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What is the most consistent and commonly used indicator of pain in infants?
- A. Increased respirations
- B. Increased heart rate
- C. Thrashing of arms and legs
- D. Facial expression of discomfort
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Facial expression has consistently been validated as an indicator of pain in infants. Behavioral pain measures are most reliable for sharp procedural pain in infants. Increased heart rate and respirations are indicative of a generalized and complex response to stress, not specific for pain in infants. Thrashing of arms and legs is a reliable indicator in young children, not specifically in infants.
The child is admitted to the hospital unit newly diagnosed with retinoblastoma. Which clinical manifestation does the nurse anticipate upon assessment?
- A. A white reflex
- B. Blue-tinged sclerae
- C. A red reflex
- D. Yellow-tinged sclerae
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: A white reflex. The 'white reflex' or leukocoria is a common sign of retinoblastoma. It occurs when the light reflects off the tumor in the eye, giving the pupil a white appearance instead of the normal red reflex. Blue-tinged sclerae (choice B) and yellow-tinged sclerae (choice D) are not typical manifestations of retinoblastoma. A red reflex (choice C) is the normal reflection seen in the eye when light is shone on it and is not associated with retinoblastoma.
What is the first sign of puberty in girls?
- A. Acne
- B. Hair growth in the pubic area and underarms
- C. Thelarche
- D. Menarche
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, Thelarche. Thelarche refers to the onset of breast development, which is typically the first sign of puberty in girls. This occurs before menarche (the first menstrual period). Choices A and B, acne and hair growth in the pubic area and underarms, are not the first signs of puberty in girls. While acne can be a common occurrence during puberty, it usually appears after other physical changes. Hair growth in the pubic area and underarms also occurs later in the puberty process.
What organism is a parasite that causes acute diarrhea?
- A. Shigella organisms
- B. Salmonella organisms
- C. Giardia lamblia
- D. Escherichia coli
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Following treatment for iron deficiency anemia, the physician orders lab tests. Which lab value would indicate an improvement in the child's condition?
- A. Low hemoglobin
- B. Normal platelet count
- C. High reticulocyte count
- D. Low hematocrit
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A high reticulocyte count indicates that the bone marrow is producing more red blood cells, which is a sign of recovery from anemia as the body replenishes its iron stores and increases hemoglobin levels. Low hemoglobin (Choice A) would indicate ongoing anemia rather than improvement. A normal platelet count (Choice B) and low hematocrit (Choice D) are not specific indicators of improvement in iron deficiency anemia.