Nokea
The nurse is caring for a client receiving Capoten (captopril). The nurse should be alert for adverse reactions to the drug, which include:
- A. Increased red cell count
- B. Decreased sodium level
- C. Decreased white cell count
- D. Increased calcium level
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Captopril, an ACE inhibitor, can cause agranulocytosis, leading to a decreased white cell count, which should be monitored.
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The client has recently returned from having a thyroidectomy. The nurse should keep which of the following at the bedside?
- A. A tracheotomy set
- B. A padded tongue blade
- C. An endotracheal tube
- D. An airway
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A tracheotomy set is kept at the bedside post-thyroidectomy due to the risk of airway obstruction from swelling or hematoma.
Which of the following groups of neonates should be screened for hearing loss?
- A. Premature neonates.
- B. Neonates with risk factors for hearing loss.
- C. Neonates with abnormal Apgar scores.
- D. All neonates.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Universal newborn hearing screening is recommended for all neonates (D) to detect hearing loss early. Premature neonates (A), those with risk factors (B), or abnormal Apgar scores (C) are included but not exclusive.
Which type of behavior modification is most likely to benefit a client who has a severe phobia regarding spiders?
- A. Positive reinforcement
- B. Negative reinforcement
- C. Desensitization
- D. Aversion therapy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Desensitization (C), gradually exposing the client to spiders, is most effective for phobias. Other methods (A, B, D) are less specific.
The nurse is preparing to teach a client about the prescribed furosemide (Lasix). The nurse should instruct the client about which adverse effect?
- A. increased appetite
- B. leg cramps
- C. anorexia
- D. dry mouth
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Furosemide can cause electrolyte imbalances, such as hypokalemia, leading to leg cramps. Other effects are less common.
What is the responsibility of the nurse in obtaining an informed consent for surgery?
- A. Describing in a clear and simply stated manner what the surgery will involve
- B. Explaining the benefits, alternatives, and possible risks and complications of surgery
- C. Using the nurse/client relationship to persuade the client to sign the operative permit
- D. Providing the informed consent for surgery and witnessing the client's signature
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse's role is to witness the client's signature and ensure the consent form is completed, not to explain the procedure.