Nokea
The nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes insipidus. The nurse would describe this client's urine output pattern as:
- A. Anuria
- B. Oliguria
- C. Dysuria
- D. Polyuria
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Polyuria is a primary symptom of diabetes insipidus. These clients have decreased or absent vasopressin secretion, which causes water loss in the urine and sodium increases.
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The nurse caring for a client with closed chest drainage notes that the collection chamber is full.
- A. Add more water to the suction-control chamber.
- B. Remove the drainage using a 60 mL syringe.
- C. Milk the tubing to facilitate drainage.
- D. Prepare a new unit for continuing collection.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A full collection chamber requires replacing the chest drainage unit to maintain effective drainage and prevent complications like tension pneumothorax.
A client with Parkinson's disease is scheduled for stereotactic surgery. Which finding indicates that the surgery had its intended effect?
- A. The client no longer has intractable tremors.
- B. The client has sufficient production of dopamine.
- C. The client no longer requires any medication.
- D. The client will have increased production of serotonin.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Stereotactic surgery, such as deep brain stimulation, aims to reduce symptoms like intractable tremors in Parkinson's disease. It does not directly increase dopamine or serotonin production, nor does it eliminate the need for medication entirely.
The nurse is caring for an adolescent with a five-year history of bulimia. A common clinical finding in the client with bulimia is:
- A. Extreme weight loss
- B. Dental caries
- C. Hair loss
- D. Decreased temperature
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Frequent vomiting in bulimia exposes teeth to stomach acid, leading to dental caries (tooth decay), a common clinical finding.
A client was prescribed a major tranquilizer 2 months ago. One month ago she was placed on benztropine (Cogentin). What would indicate that benztropine therapy is effective?
- A. Smooth, coordinated voluntary movement
- B. Tremors
- C. Rigidity
- D. Muscle weakness
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Benztropine alleviates extrapyramidal side effects of tranquilizers, such as tremors and rigidity, resulting in smooth, coordinated movements.
Diphenoxylate hydrochloride and atropine sulfate (Lomotil) is prescribed for the client with ulcerative colitis. Which of the following nursing observations indicates that the drug is having a therapeutic effect?
- A. There is an absence of peristalsis.
- B. The number of diarrhea stools decreases.
- C. Cramping in the abdomen has increased.
- D. Abdominal girth size increases.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lomotil, an antidiarrheal, slows intestinal motility, reducing diarrhea frequency in ulcerative colitis. Decreased diarrhea stools (B) indicates therapeutic effect. Absent peristalsis (A), increased cramping (C), or girth (D) suggest complications or ineffectiveness.