Nokea
The nurse is caring for a client who states having an irregular menstrual period. Which diagnostic test provides information of the body's ability to ovulate?
- A. Thyroid level
- B. Serum luteinizing hormone
- C. Serum follicle-stimulating hormone
- D. Estrogen level
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The anterior pituitary hormone known as follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) initiates ovulation monthly. Monitoring the FSH level provides information about the timing of ovulation. Thyroid level, estrogen level, and serum luteinizing hormone do not give information about the ability to ovulate.
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The nurse is preparing a woman for an abdominal ultrasound. Which instruction would be appropriate for the nurse to include?
- A. Restrict solid food intake for 2 hours before the test.
- B. Refrain from douching for at least 1 week before the test.
- C. Drink at least 1 quart of water an hour before the test.
- D. Empty the bladder immediately before the test.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Drinking at least 1 quart of water 45 minutes to 1 hour before the test and not voiding until after the test ensures a full bladder and facilitates transmission of the ultrasound waves. It also elevates the bowel away from the other pelvic organs. The client should restrict solid food intake for 6 to 8 hours before the test to avoid having images of the test obscured by gas and intestinal contents. There is no restriction on douching for this test. A full bladder, not an empty one, facilitates this test.
A nurse is caring for a client who is being evaluated for a lump found on the lateral aspect of the right breast. The client is anxious and asks the nurse if the next step is to have a mastectomy. Which is the nurse's best response?
- A. Yes, breast lumps are abnormal and will need to be removed.
- B. The doctor will need a biopsy first to see if the lump is cancerous.
- C. The doctor will answer your questions when he or she arrives.
- D. Many times, an ultrasound is done to distinguish between a tumor and cyst.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ultrasonography is often used with a mammogram after a breast lump is found to provide additional data on the breast lump. An ultrasound can differentiate if the lump is a fluid-filled cyst or other types of breast lesions. This step may be used before a mastectomy is performed or even a biopsy is completed. The nurse is able to provide factual information on common treatment paths, understanding that it is the physician who prescribes the medical care.
The nurse is instructing clients at a prenatal class. Which term does the nurse state as the medical name of what is removed during this procedure?
- A. The prepuce
- B. The glans
- C. The shaft
- D. The corpora cavernosa
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The prepuce or foreskin is removed during circumcision. The prepuce covers the glans. The shaft is tubular and composed of erectile tissue. The corpora cavernosa is a column of erectile tissue.
The nurse is preparing a client for a pelvic examination. Which nursing question is essential for the nurse to ask?
- A. Are you sexually active?
- B. Do you have any sexually transmitted diseases?
- C. Would you like to have assistance to get in position for the exam?
- D. Would you like to void at this time?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prior to a pelvic examination, the nurse offers the client the use of the restroom to void. It is most important for the client to empty the bladder so that the physician can feel pelvic structures more clearly and for the comfort of the client. Asking client history questions is completed at the beginning of the appointment. It is important to offer assistance to those who may need help in assuming the lithotomy position.
An instructor is preparing a teaching plan for a group of students about reproductive structures and sexual arousal. Which female reproductive structure would the instructor include?
- A. The mons pubis
- B. The clitoris
- C. Labia minora
- D. Labia majora
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: At the superior function of the labia, there is a fleshy protrusion of tissue called the clitoris. The clitoris is an erectile tissue that enlarges and becomes sensitive when stimulated by the penis or touching that accompanies sexual foreplay. The mons pubis, labia minora, and labia majora are female reproductive structures but do not play as prominent a role in sexual arousal.