Nokea
The nurse is providing teaching to a client who is scheduled for a mammogram. Which of the following would the nurse include as a way to avoid artifacts of the x-ray?
- A. Don't wear any jewelry around your neck on the day of time.
- B. Avoid using a deodorant with aluminum hydroxide.
- C. Make sure not to eat or drink for 4 hours before the test.
- D. Drink at least 1 quart of water 45 minutes to 1 hour before the test.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a mammogram is scheduled, the nurse explains the radiographic procedure and instructs the client to avoid using a deodorant with aluminum hydroxide or body talc on the day of the test to avoid artifacts on the x-ray film. Not wearing jewelry is a precaution for any radiographic test. Fasting is not required before a mammogram. Drinking water before the test is appropriate for an abdominal ultrasound.
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The nurse is obtaining a health history at the client's annual gynecologic exam. Which of the following statements regarding a Papanicolaou test (Pap test) for cancer screening would delay the exam?
- A. I had sexual intercourse several days ago.
- B. I voided before entering the exam room.
- C. My menstrual period began yesterday.
- D. I use no vaginal sprays or creams.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse advises that the Pap test be rescheduled to a time other than during the menstrual period. The other options are acceptable to continue the test procedure.
The nurse is assisting a 30-year-old client in scheduling an appointment for a cervical biopsy. The nurse would recommend that the client schedule the testing at which time?
- A. 1 week after completion of the client's menstrual cycle
- B. 2 weeks before the onset of the client's menstrual cycle
- C. 3 weeks after the onset of the client's menstrual cycle
- D. 2 weeks after the cessation of the client's menstrual cycle
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Because the client is premenopausal, the nurse would recommend scheduling the cervical biopsy for 1 week after the end of a menstrual period, when the cervix is least vascular. Scheduling the test for any other time would be inappropriate.
A client presents with symptoms of menstrual difficulties and infertility. Which hormone is essential in the maintenance of the endometrium?
- A. Estrogen
- B. Progesterone
- C. Testosterone
- D. Prolactin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Without a high level of progesterone, the endometrium (uterine lining) degenerates and sheds. Estrogen is a hormone that is essential for menstruation and prepares the uterus for pregnancy. Women produce testosterone, which maintains muscle mass, bone strength, and sex drive. Prolactin is produced by the pituitary gland and stimulates lactation.
The nurse is outlining the female internal reproductive structures on a diagram. Where on the diagram would the nurse highlight the typical site of ovum fertilization?
- A. The nurse would highlight the uterus.
- B. The nurse would highlight the cervix.
- C. The nurse would highlight the fallopian tube.
- D. The nurse would highlight the ovaries.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse would highlight the fallopian tubes as the site of ovum fertilization. Once fertilized, the fertilized egg moves to the uterus for implantation. The cervix is the lower, narrowed neck portion leading to the center of the uterus. The ovaries release the ovum, which is swept into the fallopian tubes.
A parent of an adolescent female is asking the nurse for guidelines of when the daughter should have her first Papanicolaou test (Pap test) and then the subsequent frequency. The nurse is most correct to state which?
- A. The first Pap test should be at age 16 years and then annually thereafter.
- B. The first Pap test should be no later than 18 years of age and then every other year afterward.
- C. The first Pap test should be between 25 and 29 years and then every 3 years afterward.
- D. The first Pap test should be within the first year of menstruation and annually afterward.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The American Cancer Society (ACS) recommends no testing/screenings for women aged 21 to 24 years. Women between the ages of 25 and 29 years have the recommendation for HPV testing to be every 5 years (preferred), the HPV/Pap co-test every 5 years (acceptable), or the Pap test every 3 years (acceptable).