Nokea
The nurse is caring for a client who was just admitted with a diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder with depression. Which agent would the nurse anticipate as being prescribed for this client?
- A. Lithium
- B. Haloperidol
- C. Chlorpromazine
- D. Clozapine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Clozapine (D) is effective for schizoaffective disorder, addressing both psychotic and mood symptoms, especially in treatment-resistant cases. Lithium (A) is primarily for bipolar disorder, and haloperidol (B) and chlorpromazine (C) are less effective for mood components.
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A client with schizophrenia tells the nurse, I?m being watched constantly by the FBI because of my job. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?
- A. Tell me more about how you are being watched.
- B. It must be frightening to feel like you?re always been watched.
- C. You?re not being watched; it?s all in your mind.
- D. You are experiencing a delusion because of your illness.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Empathizing with the client?s fear (B) validates their emotions without reinforcing the delusion, fostering trust. Asking for more details (A) may entrench the delusion, while dismissing (C) or labeling it (D) could alienate the client.
A nursing instructor is developing a class lecture that compares and contrasts schizoaffective disorder with schizophrenia. When describing one of the differences between these two diagnoses, which of the following would the instructor include as reflecting schizoaffective disorder?
- A. It is episodic in nature.
- B. It involves difficulties with self-care.
- C. It has less severe hallucinations.
- D. It is associated with a lower suicide risk.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Schizoaffective disorder (A) is characterized by episodic mood disturbances (depressive or manic) alongside psychotic symptoms, unlike the more persistent psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia. Self-care difficulties (B) and hallucination severity (C) are not distinguishing features, and suicide risk (D) is not necessarily lower.
The nurse is caring for a client who was diagnosed with schizoaffective disorder. Based on the nurse?s understanding of this disorder, the nurse develops a plan of care to address which issue as the top priority?
- A. Suicide
- B. Aggression
- C. Substance abuse
- D. Eating disorder
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Suicide (A) is the top priority in schizoaffective disorder due to the combined risk of mood disturbances (e.g., depression) and psychosis, both of which elevate suicide risk. Aggression (B), substance abuse (C), and eating disorders (D) are concerns but less immediate unless actively present.
The nurse is caring for a hospitalized client who has schizophrenia. The client has been taking antipsychotic medications for 1 week when the nurse observes that the client?s eyes are fixed on the ceiling. The nurse interprets this finding as which of the following?
- A. Akathisia
- B. Oculogyric crisis
- C. Retrocollis
- D. Tardive dyskinesia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Oculogyric crisis (B) is an acute dystonic reaction characterized by fixed upward gaze, often caused by antipsychotics within days of starting treatment. Akathisia (A) involves restlessness, retrocollis (C) is neck muscle dystonia, and tardive dyskinesia (D) involves late-onset involuntary movements, none of which match the symptom.
After teaching a class on antipsychotic agents, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the class identifies which of the following as an example of a second-generation antipsychotic agent?
- A. Fluphenazine (Prolixin)
- B. Thiothixene (Navane)
- C. Quetiapine (Seroquel)
- D. Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Quetiapine (C) is a second-generation (atypical) antipsychotic, effective for schizophrenia with fewer extrapyramidal side effects. Fluphenazine (A), thiothixene (B), and chlorpromazine (D) are first-generation (typical) antipsychotics, associated with higher side effect risks.