Nokea
The nurse is caring for a client with peptic ulcer disease who reports sudden onset of sharp abdominal pain. On physician and the client is substance and rapid. What action takes priority?
- A. Administer the prescribed pain medication.
- B. Notify the health care provider immediately.
- C. Prepare all four abdominal quadrants.
- D. Take and document a set of vital signs.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This client has manifestations of a perforated ulcer, which is an emergency. The priority is to get the client medical attention. The nurse can take a set of vital signs while someone else calls the provider. The nurse should not persens the abdomen or give pain medication since the client may need to sign consent for surgery.
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An older female client has been prescribed esomeprazole (Nexium) for treatment of chronic gastric ulcers. What teaching is particularly important for this client?
- A. Check with the pharmacist before taking other medications.
- B. Increase intake of calcium and vitamin D.
- C. Report any worsening of symptoms to the provider.
- D. Take the medication for 2 months to be protected.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: All of this advice is appropriate for any client taking this medication. However, long-term use is associated with osteoporosis and osteoporosis-related fractures. This client is already at higher risk for this problem and should be instructed to increase calcium and vitamin D intake. The other options are appropriate for any client taking any anti-ulcer medication, specific to the use of esomeprazole.
A nurse working with a client who has possible gastritis assesses the client's gastrointestinal system. Which findings indicate a chronic condition as opposed to acute gastritis? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Anorexia
- B. Dyspepsia
- C. Intolerance of fatty foods
- D. Pernicious anemia
- E. Nausea and vomiting
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: Intolerance of fatty or spicy foods and pernicious anemia are signs of chronic gastritis. Anorexia and nausea/vomiting can be seen in both conditions. Dyspepsia is seen in acute gastritis.
A nurse is preparing to administer pantoprazole (Protonix) intravenously. What actions by the nurse are best? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Administer the drug through a separate IV line.
- B. Infuse pantoprazole using an IV pump.
- C. Keep the drug in its original brown bag.
- D. Take vital signs frequently during infusion.
- E. Use an in-line IV filter when infusing.
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: When infusing pantoprazole, use a separate IV line, a pump, and an in-line filter. A brown wrapper and frequent vital signs are not needed.
A client has dumping syndrome after a partial gastrectomy. Which action by the nurse would be most helpful?
- A. Arrange a dietary consult.
- B. Increase the client's fluid intake.
- C. Limit the client's foods.
- D. Make the client NPO.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The client with dumping syndrome after a gastrectomy has multiple dietary needs. A referral to a registered dietitian would be extremely helpful. Food and fluid intake is complicated and needs planning. The client should not be NPO.
The nurse caring for clients with gastrointestinal disorders should understand that which category best describes the mechanism of action of sucralfate (Carafate)?
- A. Gastric acid inhibitor
- B. Histamine receptor blocker
- C. Mucosal barrier fortifier
- D. Proton pump inhibitor
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sucralfate is a mucosal barrier fortifier (protector). It is not a gastric acid inhibitor, a histamine receptor blocker, or a proton pump inhibitor.