Nokea
The nurse is caring for a client with possible lice infestation. The nurse is using a bright light focused on an area of the head to confirm the presence of lice. In which manner is it easiest to differentiate nits from dandruff?
- A. Nits are located near the scalp.
- B. Dandruff is throughout the hair.
- C. Nits are difficult to move from hair shafts.
- D. Dandruff looks white and flakey.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse is correct to use the difference of the nits being securely attached to the hair shaft as a guide to confirmation of lice infestation. Dandruff is fine, white particles of dead, dry scalp cells that can be easily picked from the hair.
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The nurse is caring for a female with progressive hair loss. When instructing the client on typical considerations to promote hair growth, which would be restricted in the client's care?
- A. Conditioner added to the client's hair
- B. Use of a wide-toothed comb
- C. Use of finasteride (Propecia)
- D. Attaching a hair extension
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse is correct to instruct on the restriction of finasteride (Propecia) for women due to the androgenic inhibitor property. The use of a hair conditioner and wide-toothed comb is encouraged to not break or damage the hair. Attaching a hair extension is common to provide more hair on the head.
The nurse is caring for a client with a suspicious lesion on the client's head. The lesion is sore and resembles basal cell carcinoma. Which client finding is a risk factor for developing skin cancer?
- A. The client is a 2 pack/day cigarette smoker.
- B. The client has androgenetic alopecia.
- C. The client frequently works wearing hats.
- D. The client has a history of cystic acne.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse is correct to identify that the client with androgenetic alopecia or male pattern baldness is at risk for skin cancer. Due to the skin being exposed to the ultraviolet radiation of the sun, the client is at risk for malignant skin changes. Smoking cigarettes is a risk factor for many other types of cancer. Wearing hats and having acne is not a risk factor for skin cancer.
The nurse is assessing a client experiencing an exacerbation of plaque psoriasis. The nurse assesses the area and documents a proliferation of which cell type?
- A. Dermal
- B. Epidermal
- C. Endothelial
- D. Epithelial
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse is correct to document that the proliferation of skin cells occurs in the first layer of skin cells, the epidermis. In the epidermal layer, there is rapid turnover of the cells. The dermis is under the epidermis. Endothelial is the layer on the inside such as the interior of the blood vessel. Epithelial are on the outside or coating of walls.
The nurse is caring for a client experiencing rosacea. Which is the earliest symptom of the disease process?
- A. Flushed facial appearance
- B. Blush pallor of the skin.
- C. Large facial pores.
- D. Orange peel skin texture
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse is correct to identify the earliest symptom of rosacea as being a flushed appearance across the nose, forehead, cheeks, and chin. Other symptoms include a sunburn appearance to the skin, solid papules or pustules, large facial pores, and an orange peel texture to the skin. Large facial pores and orange peel skin texture are found in the later stages as the disease progresses.
The nurse is assessing a client with onychocryptosis. Which of the following is evident if the tissue is infected?
- A. Pressure
- B. Redness and swelling
- C. Pain
- D. Purulent drainage and an odor
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Purulent leakage and an odor are evident if the tissue is infected. A client with onychocryptosis feels a local pressure from the abnormal nail growth, but this is not a sign of the tissue being infected. Redness, swelling, and pain occur where the nail pierces the adjacent tissue.