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A client receives treatment for a dermatophyte infection of the toenail. How would the nurse document this condition in the chart?
- A. Pediculosis
- B. Tinea pedis
- C. Onychomycosis
- D. Onychocryptosis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Onychomycosis is a dermatophyte infection of the fingernails or the toenails. Pediculosis is an infestation of lice. Tinea pedis is athlete's foot. Onychocryptosis is a medical term for an ingrown toenail.
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The nurse has assessed a client's superficial fungal infection that began in the skin between the toes and has spread to the soles of the feet. How would the nurse document this finding?
- A. Tinea corporis
- B. Tinea capitis
- C. Tinea pedis
- D. Tinea cruris
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tinea pedis is an infection that begins in the skin between the toes and spreads to the soles of the feet. Tinea corporis is a skin infection of the body. Tinea capitis invades the hair shaft below the scalp. Tinea cruris is a skin infection of the groin.
The nurse is assessing a client experiencing an exacerbation of plaque psoriasis. The nurse assesses the area and documents a proliferation of which cell type?
- A. Dermal
- B. Epidermal
- C. Endothelial
- D. Epithelial
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse is correct to document that the proliferation of skin cells occurs in the first layer of skin cells, the epidermis. In the epidermal layer, there is rapid turnover of the cells. The dermis is under the epidermis. Endothelial is the layer on the inside such as the interior of the blood vessel. Epithelial are on the outside or coating of walls.
The nurse is caring for a client with a furuncle. What advice should the nurse give the client to prevent the spread of the infection?
- A. Keep hair short, clean, and away from the face and forehead.
- B. Never pick or squeeze a furuncle.
- C. Avoid the use of cosmetics.
- D. Use tepid bath water.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The client with a furuncle should never pick or squeeze it as the drainage is infectious and this practice favors the spread of the infection. Infections by organisms that usually exist harmlessly on the skin surface cause furuncles. Keeping the hair short, clean, and away from the face and forehead, avoiding cosmetics, and using tepid bath water do not help in preventing the spread of a furuncle.
The nurse is caring for a client with a suspicious lesion on the client's head. The lesion is sore and resembles basal cell carcinoma. Which client finding is a risk factor for developing skin cancer?
- A. The client is a 2 pack/day cigarette smoker.
- B. The client has androgenetic alopecia.
- C. The client frequently works wearing hats.
- D. The client has a history of cystic acne.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse is correct to identify that the client with androgenetic alopecia or male pattern baldness is at risk for skin cancer. Due to the skin being exposed to the ultraviolet radiation of the sun, the client is at risk for malignant skin changes. Smoking cigarettes is a risk factor for many other types of cancer. Wearing hats and having acne is not a risk factor for skin cancer.
The nurse is caring for a client in need of a blood transfusion. The client's family member wants to be considered to donate blood. The nurse notes that the family member has several tattoos and asks the family member when and where the last tattoo was obtained. If the family member obtained the last tattoo on February 14, 2021, in a state that does not regulate tattoo facilities, after which date would the family member be eligible to donate blood?
- A. After February 28, 2021
- B. After May 14, 2021
- C. After March 14, 2021
- D. After April 14, 2021
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The American Red Cross (2021) rejects potential blood donors who have received a tattoo within 3 months if the tattoo was applied in a state that does not regulate tattoo facilities. Therefore, the earliest that the client's family member would be able to give blood is May 14, 2021. Two weeks, 1 month, and 2 months are insufficient amounts of time to wait after receiving a tattoo in a state that does not regulate tattoo facilities.