Nokea
The nurse is caring for a client with the diagnosis of colon cancer with metastasis to the liver. Which statement made by the client indicates an understanding of the diagnosis?
- A. Once the colon tumor is removed, I will be fine.'
- B. I will be happy once all the cancer is cut out.'
- C. How could I be so unlucky to get cancer twice?'
- D. My cancer has now spread to my liver.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The client stating the cancer has spread to the liver shows that the client has an understanding the primary cancer of the colon with spread to the liver. The client's expectation of being 'fine' and 'happy' once the tumor is removed shows a lack of understanding that metastases are not always resectable. The client mentioning having cancer twice is incorrect because it demonstrates a misunderstanding of metastasis.
You may also like to solve these questions
The nurse working on a bone marrow unit knows that it is a priority to monitor which of the following in a client who has just undergone a stem cell transplant?
- A. Monitor the client's toilet patterns.
- B. Monitor the client closely to prevent infection.
- C. Monitor the client's physical condition.
- D. Monitor the client's heart rate.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Until transplanted stem cells begin to produce blood cells, these clients have no physiologic means to fight infection, which makes them very prone to infection. They are at high risk for dying from sepsis and bleeding before engraftment. Therefore, a nurse must closely monitor clients and take measures to prevent infection. Monitoring client's toilet patterns, physical condition, and heart rate does not prevent the possibility of the client getting an infection.
The nurse is caring for a thyroid cancer client following oral radioactive iodine treatment. Which teaching point is most important?
- A. Shield your throat area when near others.'
- B. Flush the toilet several times after every use.'
- C. Prepare food separately from family members.'
- D. Use disposable utensils for the next month.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Iodine 131 is a systemic internal radiation that is excreted through body fluids, especially urine. Flushing the toilet several times after each use will avoid the exposure of others to radioactive exposure. Shielding the throat area is not effective because this form of treatment is systemic. Preparing food separately is not necessary, but the use of separate eating utensils will be necessary for the first 8 days.
The client is receiving a vesicant antineoplastic for treatment of cancer. Which assessment finding would require the nurse to take immediate action?
- A. Extravasation
- B. Stomatitis
- C. Nausea and vomiting
- D. Bone pain
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse needs to monitor IV administration of antineoplastics (especially vesicants) to prevent tissue necrosis to blood vessels, skin, muscles, and nerves. Stomatitis, nausea/vomiting, and bone pain can be symptoms of the disease process or treatment mode but does not require immediate action.
The nurse is providing an educational presentation on dietary recommendations for reducing the risk of cancer. Which of the following food selections would demonstrate a good understanding of the information provided in the presentation? Select all that apply.
- A. Egg white omelet with spinach and mushrooms
- B. Crispy chicken Caesar Salad
- C. Steamed broccoli and carrots
- D. Turkey breast on whole wheat bread
- E. Smoked salmon
- F. Vegetable and cheddar quiche
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Foods high in fat and those that are smoked or preserved with salt or nitrates are associated with increased cancer risks. An omelet made of egg whites and vegetables is a healthy low-fat selection as are steamed broccoli/carrots and turkey breast on whole grain bread. A salad can be a healthy selection, but Caesar salads contain much fat from the dressing and addition of cheeses and fried chicken. Salmon that is not smoked would be a good selection. Quiche usually contains high-fat milk, cr?¨me, eggs, and cheese.
While doing a health history, a client tells the nurse that their mother, grandmother, and sister died of cancer. The client wants to know what to do to keep from getting cancer. What would be the nurse's best response?
- A. You can't prevent cancer, but you can have your blood analyzed for tumor markers to see what your risk level is.'
- B. If you eat right, exercise, and get enough rest, you can prevent breast cancer.'
- C. With your family history, there is nothing you can do to prevent getting cancer.'
- D. Cancer often skips a generation, so don't worry about it.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Specialized tests have been developed for tumor markers, specific proteins, antigens, hormones, genes, or enzymes that cancer cells release. Telling the client to make lifestyle changes and that there is nothing the client can do with the family history would be giving inaccurate information. Telling the client that cancer often skips a generation and not to worry is incorrect because it minimizes and negates the client's concern.