Nokea
For fertilization to be accomplished, of the secondary sex characteristics sperm release enzymes to break seen in young women? down the corona radiata from their
- A. enlargement of the accessory ________.
- B. mitochondria
- C. breast development
- D. acrosomes
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: acrosomes. Acrosomes are specialized vesicles in the head of the sperm that contain enzymes to help the sperm penetrate the outer layer of the egg during fertilization. Enlargement of the accessory organs (choice A), mitochondria (choice B), and breast development (choice C) are not directly related to the process of fertilization and do not involve the release of enzymes to break down the corona radiata. Acrosomes play a crucial role in the fertilization process by facilitating the penetration of the egg's protective layers, making choice D the correct answer.
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Within minutes following a normal delivery, flow through the foramen ovale decreases dramatically. What is the cause of this change?
- A. Increased formation of prostaglandin E2 in the endocardium
- B. Increased rate of flow through the pulmonary artery
- C. Increased left atrial pressure
- D. Increased right atrial pressure
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for the correct answer (C):
1. After delivery, the baby takes its first breath, increasing oxygen levels.
2. This leads to the closure of the foramen ovale to shift blood flow from the right to the left side.
3. Increased left atrial pressure occurs due to increased blood returning from the lungs.
4. This pressure change causes the foramen ovale to close.
Summary of incorrect choices:
A: Increased prostaglandin E2 does not directly affect flow through the foramen ovale.
B: Increased flow through the pulmonary artery is expected after birth, but it does not directly impact the foramen ovale.
D: Increased right atrial pressure would not cause a decrease in flow through the foramen ovale.
An 18-yr-old female patient who has been admitted to the emergency department after a motor vehicle crash is scheduled for chest and abdominal x-rays. Which information may alter the plans for the x-rays?
- A. Report of abdominal pain
- B. Positive result of hCG test
- C. Blood pressure of 172/88 mm Hg
- D. Temperature of 102.1°F (38.9°
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Positive result of hCG test. This may indicate that the patient is pregnant, which would significantly alter the plans for the x-rays due to the potential harm to the fetus from radiation exposure.
A: Report of abdominal pain is a common symptom after a motor vehicle crash and would not directly alter the plans for x-rays.
C: Blood pressure of 172/88 mm Hg could indicate hypertension but would not directly impact the need for chest and abdominal x-rays.
D: Temperature of 102.1°F (38.9°C) could suggest an infection but would not typically change the necessity for x-rays.
Which of the following is/are an example(s) of asexual reproduction?
- A. Fission.
- B. Fragmentation.
- C. Budding.
- D. All of the abov
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: All of the above. Asexual reproduction involves the production of offspring from a single parent without the involvement of gametes or fertilization.
- Fission: Organism splits into two or more parts, each regenerating into a new individual.
- Fragmentation: Parent organism breaks into fragments, with each fragment developing into a new individual.
- Budding: New individuals develop as outgrowths or buds from the parent organism.
All these processes result in genetically identical offspring, making them examples of asexual reproduction.
Mastoid process is part of which bone?
- A. Temporal
- B. Mandible
- C. Maxilla
- D. Ethmoid
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Temporal. The mastoid process is a bony projection located on the temporal bone, which is situated behind the ear. It serves as an attachment site for various neck muscles. The temporal bone also houses important structures like the middle and inner ear components. The other choices, B: Mandible, C: Maxilla, and D: Ethmoid, are incorrect because the mastoid process is not located on these bones. The mandible is the jawbone, the maxilla forms the upper jaw, and the ethmoid bone is located in the skull's orbit and nasal cavity. Therefore, based on its anatomical location and function, the correct answer is A: Temporal.
While you are orienting a new RN to the medical-surgical unit, you observe the orientee accomplishing all of the following actions while caring for a client with severe pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), who has been admitted to the hospital for administration of IV antibiotics. Which one will require that you intervene most quickly?
- A. The new RN tells the client she should avoid using tampons in the future.
- B. The new RN offers the client an ice pack to decrease her abdominal pain.
- C. The new RN positions the client flat in bed while helping her take a bath.
- D. The new RN teaches the client she should not have intercourse for 2 months.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Positioning the client flat in bed can exacerbate discomfort and is inappropriate for PID.