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The nurse is caring for a patient who has been recently diagnosed with late stage pancreatic cancer. The patient refuses to accept the diagnosis and refuses to adhere to treatment. What is the most likely psychosocial purpose of this patients strategy?
- A. The patient may be trying to protect loved ones from the emotional effects of the illness.
- B. The patient is being noncompliant in order to assert power over caregivers.
- C. The patient may be skeptical of the benefits of the Western biomedical model of health.
- D. The patient thinks that treatment does not provide him comfort.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The patient may be trying to protect loved ones from the emotional effects of the illness. This behavior could be a form of denial, a defense mechanism where the individual refuses to acknowledge the reality of the diagnosis in order to shield their loved ones from distress. By rejecting the diagnosis and refusing treatment, the patient may believe that they are preventing their family and friends from experiencing the emotional pain associated with the illness. This behavior is a common coping mechanism in response to overwhelming and distressing news like a terminal illness diagnosis. It serves a psychosocial purpose of trying to protect others from suffering, even though it may not align with the patient's best interest in terms of receiving appropriate medical care.
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A nurse is providing discharge teaching for apatient who is going home with a guaiac test. Which statement by the patient indicates the need for further education?
- A. “If I get a blue color that means the test is negative.”
- B. “I should not get any urine on the stool I am testing.”
- C. “If I eat red meat before my test, it could give me false results.”
- D. “I should check with my doctor to stop taking aspirin before the test.”
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The statement "If I get a blue color that means the test is negative" given by the patient indicates the need for further education. This is incorrect information because a blue color in the guaiac test indicates a positive result, which means the presence of fecal occult blood. The patient should be taught that a positive result indicates the need for further evaluation and follow-up with their healthcare provider. Proper understanding of the test results is vital to ensure accurate interpretation and appropriate management. Further clarification and education are necessary to correct this misconception and guide the patient towards understanding the significance of a positive result.
The patient asks the nurse what these numbers specifically mean. What is a correct response by the nurse?
- A. A person whose vision is 20/40 can see an object from 40 feet away that a person with 20/20 vision can see from 20 feet away.
- B. A person whose vision is 20/40 can see an object from 20 feet away that a person with 20/20 vision can see from 40 feet away.
- C. A person whose vision is 20/40 can see an object from 40 inches away that a person with 20/20 vision can see from 20 inches away.
- D. A person whose vision is 20/40 can see an object from 20 inches away that a person with 20/20 vision can see from 40 inches away.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A person whose vision is measured at 20/40 can see an object from 40 feet away that a person with 20/20 vision can see from 20 feet away. In this measurement system, the first number represents how far away the person is from the eye chart (the testing distance), and the second number indicates how far away a person with normal vision can be from the chart to see the same line of letters or objects. Therefore, if someone has 20/40 vision, it means they need to be at 20 feet to see what a person with 20/20 vision can see at 40 feet.
A patient has a documented history of allergies presents to the clinic. She states that she is frustrated by her chronic nasal congestion, anosmia (inability to smell) and inability to concentrate. The nurse should identify which of the following nursing diagnoses?
- A. Deficient Knowledge of Self-Care Practices Related to Allergies
- B. Ineffective Individual Coping with Chronicity of Condition and Need for Environmental Modification
- C. Acute Confusion Related to Cognitive Effects of Allergic Rhinitis
- D. Disturbed Body Image Related to Sequelae of Allergic Rhinitis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient's frustration with chronic nasal congestion, anosmia, and inability to concentrate indicates difficulty coping with the long-term nature of her condition and the impact it has on her daily life. Additionally, her desire for relief suggests a need for environmental modifications to help manage her symptoms. This nursing diagnosis encompasses the patient's emotional response to her condition, as well as the potential need for changes in her surroundings to better support her health and well-being.
A nurse uses SBAR when providing a hands-off report to the oncoming shift. What is the rationale for the nurse’s action?
- A. To promote autonomy
- B. To use common courtesy
- C. To establish trustworthiness
- D. To standardize communication
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: SBAR stands for Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation. It is a structured method of communication that healthcare providers use to effectively communicate important information about a patient. The use of SBAR helps ensure that all necessary details are communicated in a clear, concise, and systematic manner, reducing the risk of miscommunication and errors. By standardizing communication using SBAR, nurses can provide a comprehensive report during a shift change, promoting continuity of care and patient safety. Thus, the main rationale for a nurse using SBAR when providing a hands-off report is to standardize communication and improve the quality of patient care.
A 35-year-old man is seen in the clinic because he is experiencing recurring episodes of urinary frequency, dysuria, and fever. The nurse should recognize the possibility of what health problem?
- A. Chronic bacterial prostatitis
- B. Orchitis
- C. Benign prostatic hyperplasia
- D. Urolithiasis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The symptoms of urinary frequency, dysuria, and fever in a 35-year-old man are indicative of chronic bacterial prostatitis. Prostatitis is inflammation of the prostate gland, which can be caused by bacterial infection. Chronic bacterial prostatitis is characterized by recurrent episodes of infection leading to symptoms like urinary urgency, frequency, dysuria, and sometimes fever. It is important to identify and treat chronic bacterial prostatitis promptly to prevent complications and improve quality of life for the patient.