Nokea
The nurse is caring for a patient who is taking a calcium-channel blocker. What adverse effects would the nurse caution this patient about?
- A. Itching and rash.
- B. Hypertension and tachycardia.
- C. Nausea and diarrhea.
- D. Headache and dizziness.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Headache and dizziness. Calcium-channel blockers can cause vasodilation leading to decreased blood pressure, which can manifest as headache and dizziness. Itching and rash (A) are not common adverse effects of calcium-channel blockers. Hypertension and tachycardia (B) are actually treated by calcium-channel blockers. Nausea and diarrhea (C) are not typical side effects of calcium-channel blockers. E, F, and G are not applicable. In summary, the correct answer is D because headache and dizziness are common adverse effects of calcium-channel blockers, while the other choices are not commonly associated with this medication.
You may also like to solve these questions
The nurse receives an order for a triptan for a patient diagnosed with a cluster headache. What drug should be indicated for this purpose?
- A. Sumatriptan (Imitrex).
- B. Naratriptan (Amerge).
- C. Frovatriptan (Frova).
- D. Almotriptan (Axert).
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Sumatriptan (Imitrex). Sumatriptan is the drug of choice for treating cluster headaches due to its rapid onset of action and high efficacy in relieving symptoms. It works by constricting blood vessels in the brain and blocking pain pathways. Naratriptan, Frovatriptan, and Almotriptan are also triptans but are not as effective or fast-acting as Sumatriptan for cluster headaches. Therefore, they are not the ideal choice. Summarily, Sumatriptan is the preferred option for managing cluster headaches due to its quick and potent action compared to other triptans.
The nurse is performing an assessment on a patient who will begin taking propranolol (Inderol) to treat hypertension. The nurse learns that the patients have a history of asthma and diabetes. The nurse will take which action.
- A. Request an order for a renal function test prior to the administration of this drug.
- B. Teach the patient about the risk of combining herbal medication with this drug.
- C. Contact the doctor to discuss another type of antihypertensive medication.
- D. Administer the medication and monitor the patient's serum glucose level.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C - Contact the doctor to discuss another type of antihypertensive medication.
Rationale: Propranolol is a non-selective beta-blocker that can exacerbate asthma due to its potential bronchoconstrictive effects. Additionally, beta-blockers can mask signs of hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes, making it challenging to monitor blood glucose levels effectively. Therefore, it is crucial for the nurse to contact the doctor to discuss an alternative antihypertensive medication that is safe for the patient with a history of asthma and diabetes.
Summary of other choices:
A: Requesting a renal function test is not directly related to the patient's history of asthma and diabetes, which are more concerning in this case.
B: Teaching about combining herbal medication does not address the potential risks of propranolol in patients with asthma and diabetes.
D: Administering the medication without addressing the compatibility with the patient's conditions can lead to adverse effects and is not
What drug might the nurse administer to achieve both analgesic and antitussive effects?
- A. Acetaminophen.
- B. Ibuprofen.
- C. Aspirin.
- D. Codeine.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Codeine. Codeine is an opioid analgesic that acts on the central nervous system to relieve pain and suppress coughing. It has both analgesic and antitussive properties, making it the ideal choice for achieving both effects. Acetaminophen (choice A) and ibuprofen (choice B) are analgesics but do not have antitussive effects. Aspirin (choice C) is an analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug but is not commonly used for cough suppression. Therefore, codeine is the most appropriate option for achieving both analgesic and antitussive effects.
What drug enhances the output of respiratory tract fluid by reducing the adhesiveness and surface tension of the fluid which facilitates the removal of viscous mucus?
- A. Guaifenesin.
- B. Dextromethorphan.
- C. Acetylcysteine.
- D. Flunisolide.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Guaifenesin. Guaifenesin is an expectorant that works by increasing respiratory tract fluid output, reducing adhesiveness and surface tension of the mucus. This helps in loosening and thinning the mucus, making it easier to clear from the airways. Dextromethorphan (B) is a cough suppressant, not an expectorant. Acetylcysteine (C) is a mucolytic that reduces mucus thickness but does not directly enhance fluid output. Flunisolide (D) is a corticosteroid used for inflammation, not mucus clearance.
What is the action of the thiazide diuretic?
- A. Blocks the sodium pump.
- B. Block the chloride pump.
- C. Blocks the carbonic anhydrase pump.
- D. Blocks the potassium pump.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Blocks the chloride pump. Thiazide diuretics inhibit the sodium-chloride symporter in the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron, leading to increased excretion of sodium and chloride ions, resulting in diuresis. Choice A is incorrect as thiazides do not block the sodium pump. Choice C is incorrect as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, not thiazides, block the carbonic anhydrase enzyme. Choice D is incorrect as thiazides do not block the potassium pump.