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The nurse is caring for a patient who states, "I tossed and turned last night." The nurse responds to the patient, "You feel like you were awake all night?" This is an example of:
- A. open-ended question.
- B. restatement.
- C. reflection.
- D. offering self. Restatement is a
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: restatement. Restatement involves repeating the patient's words to confirm understanding. In this scenario, the nurse echoed the patient's statement to show empathy and acknowledge the patient's feelings. This technique helps build rapport and fosters therapeutic communication.
Explanation of why other choices are incorrect:
A: Open-ended question: This involves encouraging the patient to elaborate on their feelings or experiences, not just repeating what the patient said.
C: Reflection: This involves restating the patient's feelings to show understanding, not simply repeating their words.
D: Offering self: This involves offering oneself to the patient for support, which was not demonstrated in the scenario.
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The nurse provides care for a male patient. When the nurse addresses the patient, which would be most appropriate?
- A. Use both first and last name with each encounter.
- B. Ask the patient how he prefers to be addressed.
- C. Call the patient by his first name.
- D. Address the patient by his last name.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it respects the patient's autonomy and preferences. By asking how the patient prefers to be addressed, the nurse demonstrates respect for the patient's individuality and dignity. This approach promotes a patient-centered care environment.
A: Using both first and last names with each encounter may come off as overly formal and impersonal.
C: Calling the patient by his first name without consent may be perceived as disrespectful and too informal.
D: Addressing the patient by his last name may be too formal and distant, not fostering a therapeutic nurse-patient relationship.
According to a study by Robinson (2014), three parts of our true presence (how we connect with patients) are found in being:
- A. Friendly, kind, and sweet
- B. Genuine, gifted, and creative
- C. Humorous, partial, and grateful
- D. Genuine, attentive, and immersed
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because being genuine shows sincerity and authenticity in interactions with patients. Attentiveness implies active listening and focus on the patient's needs, fostering a strong connection. Immersion signifies being fully engaged and present during patient interactions, enhancing the quality of care provided. In contrast, choices A, B, and C lack the essential components of active listening, authenticity, and full engagement, making them incorrect. Being friendly, kind, and sweet (choice A) may not necessarily reflect genuine presence. Similarly, being humorous, partial, and grateful (choice C) or genuine, gifted, and creative (choice B) do not fully capture the core elements of true presence as outlined in the study by Robinson (2014).
The characteristic that is representative of the nurse-patient relationship is that this relationship:
- A. focuses on the nurse's ability to build rapport.
- B. continues after discharge.
- C. does not include humor.
- D. focuses on the assessed patient health problems.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the nurse-patient relationship primarily focuses on addressing the assessed health problems of the patient. This relationship is centered around providing care, support, and assistance related to the patient's health needs. Building rapport (A) is important, but not the primary focus. The relationship does not necessarily continue after discharge (B) as it depends on the circumstances. Humor (C) can be included in the relationship but is not a defining characteristic. Thus, D is the correct choice as it aligns with the fundamental purpose of the nurse-patient relationship.
The nurse recognizes a verbal response when the patient:
- A. nods her head when asked whether she wants juice.
- B. writes the answer to a question asked by the nurse.
- C. begins sobbing uncontrollably when asked about her daughter.
- D. is moaning and restless and appears to be in pain. Verbal communication involves words, either written or spoken. Nodding, sobbing, and moaning are nonverbal communication.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. Verbal communication involves words, either written or spoken.
2. Choice B states that the patient writes the answer to a question asked by the nurse, which involves using words.
3. Therefore, choice B correctly represents verbal communication.
4. Choices A, C, and D involve nonverbal communication methods such as nodding, sobbing, and moaning, which do not involve words.
The nurse cares for diverse clients in a community health setting. Which action should the nurse take first to learn about delivering care to diverse clients?
- A. Adopt a transcultural framework to develop culturally appropriate care.
- B. Ask clients about their personal healthcare beliefs.
- C. Develop a self-awareness of personal healthcare beliefs.
- D. Recognize ethnocentric beliefs of minorities in the community.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C - Develop a self-awareness of personal healthcare beliefs.
Rationale:
1. Self-awareness is foundational to cultural competence.
2. Understanding one's own biases and beliefs is crucial in providing culturally sensitive care.
3. It helps the nurse recognize potential sources of bias and work towards overcoming them.
4. By knowing personal beliefs, the nurse can better understand and respect the beliefs of diverse clients.
Summary of other choices:
A: Adopting a transcultural framework is important but should come after self-awareness.
B: While important, asking clients about their beliefs doesn't address the nurse's own biases.
D: Recognizing ethnocentric beliefs is important but doesn't directly address the nurse's self-awareness.