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The nurse is caring for a patient with chronic pancreatitis who reports persistent gnawing abdominal pain. What assessment data is most important for the nurse to obtain to help manage the patient's pain?
- A. Activity level of bowel sounds.
- B. Level and amount of physical activity.
- C. Eating patterns of dietary intake.
- D. Color and consistency of feces.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Eating patterns identify foods that exacerbate pancreatitis pain, guiding dietary modifications.
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The nurse is educating a client, who was admitted with a blood glucose level of 580 mg/dL, on how to prevent complications related to diabetes mellitus. Which statement made by the client indicates they have understood the information?
- A. Apply lotion to the entire foot to prevent skin cracks.
- B. Use salt, herbs, and spices to enhance the flavor of foods.
- C. Include no more than 1-2 alcoholic beverages in the diet per day.
- D. Obtain an A1C blood test every year to monitor glucose control.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Using salt, herbs, and spices supports a healthy diet, aiding diabetes management and reducing complication risks.
What information should the nurse include in the teaching plan for a patient diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
- A. The patient should adjust their food intake to three full meals per day with no snacks.
- B. The patient should avoid participating in any aerobic exercise programs.
- C. The patient should sleep without pillows at night to maintain neck alignment.
- D. The patient should wear loose, comfortable clothing to minimize symptoms.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Wearing loose clothing reduces pressure on the abdomen, helping to minimize GERD symptoms by preventing reflux.
The nurse is preparing a client for discharge who was recently diagnosed with Addison's disease. Which instruction is most important for the nurse to include in this client's discharge teaching plan?
- A. Take prescribed cortisone accurately.
- B. Use a walker when weakness occurs.
- C. Avoid extreme environmental temperatures.
- D. Increase daily intake of sodium in diet.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Accurate cortisone administration is vital to manage Addison's disease and prevent adrenal crisis.
The nurse is teaching a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) about huff coughing to clear secretions. During the patient's return demonstration, the patient exhales using pursed lips. What should the nurse do next?
- A. Advise the patient that the procedure is being performed correctly.
- B. Tell the patient to take several shallow breaths before the next exhalation.
- C. Instruct the patient to inhale deeply and then quickly and forcefully exhale 2 to 3 times.
- D. Position the patient in the semi-Fowler's position and apply oxygen.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Instructing the patient to inhale deeply and exhale forcefully corrects the improper pursed-lip technique, ensuring effective huff coughing to clear mucus.
A patient presents to the emergency department with nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. During the history and physical, it is discovered that the patient's significant other is recovering from COVID-19. After obtaining a nasal swab to test the patient for COVID-19, what is the most important action for the nurse to take?
- A. Start an intravenous infusion for antiviral drug to be administered for positive COVID-19 test results.
- B. Move the patient to a private room, keep the door closed, and initiate droplet precautions.
- C. Notify the charge nurse that the patient will need assignment to the COVID-19 specified area of the facility.
- D. Explain to the patient to inform others that they may have been potentially exposed in the last 14 days.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Initiating droplet precautions in a private room prevents potential COVID-19 transmission pending test results.