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The nurse is caring for a pregnant patient who is 24 weeks gestation and has been diagnosed with a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which of the following interventions should the nurse prioritize?
- A. Administer antibiotics as prescribed.
- B. Encourage the patient to drink cranberry juice.
- C. Provide education about the signs of preterm labor.
- D. Schedule a follow-up ultrasound to assess fetal health.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer antibiotics as prescribed. The priority is to treat the UTI to prevent potential harm to the patient and fetus. Antibiotics are necessary to eliminate the infection and reduce the risk of complications. Encouraging cranberry juice (B) may be beneficial for prevention but is not sufficient to treat an existing UTI. Providing education about preterm labor signs (C) is important but addressing the infection is the immediate concern. Scheduling a follow-up ultrasound (D) may be necessary later but does not address the urgent need to treat the UTI.
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Place these developmental milestones in chronological order: Four-chambered heart forms, Vernix caseosa appears, Blastocyst development completes, Testes descend
- A. Blastocyst development complete
- B. Four-chambered heart forms
- C. Vernix caseosa present
- D. Testes descend into scrotum
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Development follows the sequence: blastocyst formation, four-chambered heart, vernix appearance, and testicular descent.
A multigravid client is 22 weeks pregnant. Which of the following symptoms would the nurse expect the client to exhibit?
- A. Nausea.
- B. Dyspnea.
- C. Urinary frequency.
- D. Leg cramping.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Leg cramping is a common complaint during the second trimester. Nausea is more common in the first trimester, and dyspnea and urinary frequency are more common in the third trimester.
What does optimal nursing care after an amniocentesis include?
- A. Pushing fluids by mouth
- B. Monitoring uterine activity
- C. Placing the patient in a supine position for 2 hours
- D. Applying a pressure dressing to the puncture site
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Monitoring uterine activity after an amniocentesis is important to detect any contractions that may indicate complications.
The nurse is caring for a pregnant patient who is 30 weeks gestation and has a BMI of 32. Which of the following complications should the nurse monitor for more closely?
- A. Gestational diabetes and preeclampsia
- B. Hyperemesis gravidarum and miscarriage
- C. Iron-deficiency anemia and urinary tract infections
- D. Gestational hypertension and placenta previa
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Gestational diabetes and preeclampsia. A pregnant patient with a BMI of 32 is considered obese, which increases the risk of developing gestational diabetes and preeclampsia. Gestational diabetes is more likely in overweight women and can lead to complications for both the mother and baby. Preeclampsia is also more common in obese women and can result in high blood pressure and organ damage. Monitoring for these complications is crucial to ensure the well-being of both the mother and baby.
Incorrect choices:
B: Hyperemesis gravidarum and miscarriage - These complications are not directly related to the patient's weight or BMI.
C: Iron-deficiency anemia and urinary tract infections - While these complications can occur in pregnancy, they are not specifically associated with the patient's BMI.
D: Gestational hypertension and placenta previa - While gestational hypertension can be a concern in obese patients, placenta previa is not directly linked to
A woman provides the nurse with the following obstetrical history: Delivered a son, now 7 years old, at 28 weeks’ gestation; delivered a daughter, now 5 years old, at 39 weeks’ gestation; had a miscarriage 3 years ago, and had a first-trimester abortion 2 years ago. She is currently pregnant. Which of the following portrays an accurate picture of this woman’s gravidity and parity?
- A. G4 P2121.
- B. G4 P1212.
- C. G5 P1122.
- D. G5 P2211.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Gravidity includes all pregnancies (live births, miscarriages, abortions, and current pregnancy). Parity reflects live births. This woman has had 5 pregnancies (2 live births, 1 miscarriage, 1 abortion, and 1 current pregnancy), making her G5 P2211.