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The American Nurses Credential Center Magnet Recognition Program supports many actions to ensure that nurses are engaged and empowered to participate in ethical decision making. Which of the following would assist nurses in being involvabeirdb .icnom r/etesset arch studies?
- A. Education on protection of human subjects
- B. Participation of staff nurses on ethics committees
- C. Written descriptions of how nurses participate in ethic s programs
- D. Written policies and procedures related to response to ethical issues
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale:
A: Education on protection of human subjects is crucial for nurses to understand ethical principles when conducting research studies. It ensures compliance with ethical guidelines and protection of research participants.
B: Participation of staff nurses on ethics committees is not directly related to conducting research studies and may not specifically involve protection of human subjects.
C: Written descriptions of how nurses participate in ethics programs do not necessarily focus on research studies and may not cover the specific ethical considerations required in research.
D: Written policies and procedures related to response to ethical issues are important but may not provide the necessary knowledge on protection of human subjects for conducting research studies.
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A hospice patient is manifesting a decrease in all body system functions except for a heart rate of 124 and a respiratory rate of 28. Which statement, if made by the nurse to the patient’s family member, is most appropriate?
- A. These symptoms will continue to increase until death finally occurs.
- B. These symptoms are a normal response before these functions decrease.
- C. These symptoms indicate a reflex response to the slowing of other body systems.
- D. These symptoms may be associated with an improvement in the patient’s condition.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because an increase in heart rate and respiratory rate can be a normal response before body system functions decrease in a hospice patient. This is known as a compensatory mechanism as the body tries to maintain oxygenation. Choice A is incorrect because symptoms may not always continue to increase until death. Choice C is incorrect as it implies a reflex response, which may not be the case. Choice D is incorrect as an improvement in the patient's condition is unlikely in a hospice setting.
The nurse caring for a critically ill patient implements several components of care. What component is an example of the use of evidence-based practice?
- A. Use of a protocol for admission of a patient to the unit
- B. Application of an insulin sliding scale method from research
- C. Checking the patients armband before giving a medication
- D. Limiting visits to immediate family only for 2 hours a day
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because applying an insulin sliding scale method based on research is an example of evidence-based practice. This method is derived from scientific evidence and research studies, ensuring the best outcomes for the patient. The other choices lack the same level of evidence-based rationale: A is based on a protocol, which may not be evidence-based; C is a standard safety practice, not necessarily evidence-based; D is a decision based on hospital policy or practicality, not specifically evidence-based.
A patient with hypotension and an elevated temperature after working outside on a hot day is treated in the emergency department (ED). The nurse determines that discharge teaching has been effective when the patient makes which statement?
- A. I will take salt tablets when I work outdoors in the summer.
- B. I should take acetaminophen (Tylenol) if I start to feel too warm.
- C. I should drink sports drinks when working outside in hot weather.
- D. I will move to a cool environment if I notice that I am feeling confused.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "I should drink sports drinks when working outside in hot weather." This statement is correct because hypotension and elevated temperature could indicate dehydration and electrolyte imbalance due to excessive sweating in hot weather. Drinking sports drinks can help replenish electrolytes lost through sweating and prevent dehydration.
Incorrect choices:
A: Taking salt tablets can lead to an imbalance in electrolytes and worsen the condition.
B: Acetaminophen can lower fever but does not address dehydration or electrolyte imbalance.
D: Moving to a cool environment when feeling confused is important but does not address the underlying issue of dehydration and electrolyte imbalance.
A patient nearing death experiences increased secretions and noisy breathing. What is the nurse’s priority intervention?
- A. Provide suctioning every hour.
- B. Administer anticholinergic medications as prescribed.
- C. Elevate the head of the bed and reposition frequently.
- D. Restrict oral intake to minimize secretions.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administer anticholinergic medications as prescribed. Anticholinergic medications can help dry up secretions and improve breathing in a patient nearing death. This intervention targets the underlying cause of increased secretions. Suctioning (choice A) may provide temporary relief but does not address the root issue. Elevating the head of the bed and repositioning (choice C) can help with comfort but do not directly address the secretions. Restricting oral intake (choice D) may lead to dehydration and discomfort without effectively managing the secretions. Administering anticholinergic medications is the priority as it directly targets the symptom of increased secretions, improving the patient's comfort and quality of life.
All of the patient’s children are distressed by the possibility of removing life-support treatments. The child who is most upset tells the nurse, “T his is the same as killing! I thought you were supposed to help!” What response would the nur se provide to the family?
- A. “This is a process of allowing death to occur naturally after the injuries that were sustained in a serious accident.”
- B. “The hospital would never allow us to do that kind of thing.”
- C. “Let’s talk about this calmly, and I will explain why asasbiirsbt.ecodm s/tuesict ide is appropriate in this case.”
- D. “Your parent lived a long and productive life.”
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
1. Acknowledges the child's distress and concerns.
2. Explains the concept of allowing natural death after serious injuries.
3. Helps the family understand the ethical and medical reasoning behind removing life support.
4. Shows empathy and provides education to address misconceptions.
Summary of other choices:
B: Incorrect - Avoids addressing the family's concerns and provides a vague response.
C: Incorrect - Contains a typo and does not directly address the child's distress or misunderstanding.
D: Incorrect - Irrelevant response that does not address the ethical dilemma at hand.