Nokea
The nurse is caring for an elderly client who presents to the ED with poor appetite, confusion, and weakness. Lab work is ordered for the client. The nurse should immediately notify the health care provider for which lab result?
- A. chloride 99 mEq/L
- B. calcium 9.4 mg/dL
- C. sodium 118 mEq/L
- D. potassium 4.2 mEq/L
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Severe hyponatremia (sodium 118 mEq/L) can cause confusion and weakness and requires immediate provider notification. Other values are within normal ranges.
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If a nurse accidentally punctures a finger with a needle after withdrawing blood from a client, which of the following actions should be carried out first?
- A. Notify a supervisor.
- B. Wash the puncture area with soap and water.
- C. Apply pressure to the wound.
- D. File an incident/injury report.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Washing the puncture with soap and water (B) is the first step to reduce infection risk. Other actions (A, C, D) follow.
Along with traditional therapy, a client asks the nurse about alternative therapies for chronic pain. Which could the nurse provide to the client?
- A. yoga
- B. acupuncture
- C. music therapy
- D. hypnosis
Correct Answer: A, B, C, D
Rationale: Yoga, acupuncture, music therapy, and hypnosis are all recognized alternative therapies for managing chronic pain, complementing traditional treatments.
The client is admitted to the unit after a motor vehicle accident with a temperature of 102°F rectally. The most likely explanations for the elevated temperature is that:
- A. There was damage to the hypothalamus.
- B. He has an infection from the abrasions to the head and face.
- C. He will require a cooling blanket to decrease the temperature.
- D. There was damage to the frontal lobe of the brain.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Infection from abrasions is the most likely cause of fever post-accident, as it's a common complication.
A client must take oral potassium supplements every day. The nurse explains to the client that the potassium supplements
- A. need to be stored in the refrigerator.
- B. should only be taken in the evening before bed.
- C. should be diluted in a glass of cold water or juice.
- D. need to be taken on an empty stomach.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Oral potassium supplements should be diluted in water or juice to reduce gastric irritation and improve absorption.
Twenty micrograms (g) are equal to how many milligrams? Record your answer using a decimal number.
Correct Answer: 0.02
Rationale: 1 mg = 1,000 g, so 20 /1,000 = 0.02 mg.