Nokea
The nurse is caring for an infant with a suspected urinary tract infection. Which clinical manifestations should be expected? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Vomiting
- B. Jaundice
- C. Failure to gain weight
- D. Swelling of the face
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A urinary tract infection (UTI) in an infant may present with symptoms such as vomiting and failure to gain weight. Vomiting can be a common sign of UTI in infants due to irritation and inflammation in the urinary tract. Additionally, infants with UTIs may experience poor feeding and failure to gain weight due to the discomfort and systemic effects of the infection. While symptoms like jaundice, swelling of the face, back pain, and persistent diaper rash can be seen in other conditions, they are not typically associated with a urinary tract infection in infants.
You may also like to solve these questions
The parents of a newborn with a strawberry hemangioma ask the nurse what the treatment will be. What information does the nurse need to include in the response?
- A. Excision of the lesion will be necessary.
- B. Injections of prednisone into the lesion will reduce it.
- C. No treatment is usually necessary because of the high rate of spontaneous involution.
- D. Pulsed dye laser treatments will be necessary immediately to prevent permanent disability.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct information the nurse should provide to the parents is that no treatment is usually necessary for a strawberry hemangioma because of the high rate of spontaneous involution. Strawberry hemangiomas are common vascular tumors in infants that typically appear in the first few weeks of life. They usually grow rapidly for the first several months and then begin to shrink and eventually disappear on their own. In most cases, the hemangioma resolves without the need for any intervention. Therefore, reassuring the parents that observation is the primary management approach is important, unless complications such as ulceration, bleeding, or obstruction occur.
The nurse is caring for a patient on warfarin with an elevated INR level. Which of the ff. would be ordered as the antidote for warfarin?
- A. Vitamin K c.Calcium Chloride
- B. Vitamin B12
- C. Protamine Sulfate
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Warfarin is an anticoagulant medication that works by inhibiting the production of certain clotting factors in the liver, thus prolonging the time it takes for blood to clot. An elevated INR level indicates that the blood is taking longer to clot than desired, potentially putting the patient at risk for bleeding. Vitamin K is the antidote for warfarin because it helps the liver produce these clotting factors, ultimately reversing the effects of warfarin and promoting normal blood clotting. Administering Vitamin K helps lower the INR level and reduce the risk of bleeding in patients on warfarin therapy. Therefore, in this scenario, Vitamin K would be the appropriate antidote to use for the patient with an elevated INR level.
For a 14-month-old whose cleft palate was repaired 12 hours ago, which should be included in the plan of care?
- A. Allow familiar comfort items (e.g., favorite stuffed animal) and a 'sippy' cup (avoid suction items).
- B. Once liquids are tolerated, encourage a bland diet (e.g., soup, Jell-O, saltine crackers).
- C. Administer scheduled pain medication rather than PRN only.
- D. Use a Yankauer suction catheter to decrease aspiration risk.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Providing comfort items and avoiding suction items helps reduce distress and supports healing.
Which of the following malignancies is least likely to occur in a 10-month-old infant?
- A. neuroblastoma
- B. nephroblastoma
- C. retinoblastoma
- D. hepatoblastoma
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hepatoblastoma is rare in infants under 1 year old, being more common in toddlers.
A 4-month old infant who has a congenital heart defect develops heart failure and is exhibiting marked dyspnea at rest . The nurse is aware this finding can be attributed to:
- A. Anemia
- B. Hypovolemia
- C. Pulmonary edema
- D. Metabolic acidosis blood specimen is obtained. The child's color becomes blue and respiratory rate increases to 44 bpm. Which of the following actions would the nurse do first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse would first assess for an irregular heart rate and rhythm. In a 4-month old infant with a congenital heart defect experiencing marked dyspnea at rest, the sudden onset of cyanosis (blue coloration) and increased respiratory rate can indicate worsening heart failure and potential arrhythmias. Assessing for any abnormal heart rhythms is a priority to determine if immediate intervention is required to stabilize the infant's condition and prevent further deterioration.