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The nurse is caring for geriatric clients who state that they are prescribed reading glasses. Some individuals state needing assistance with seeing writing far away, and others need assistance with closer vision. What does the nurse understand to be related to visual changes caused by aging?
- A. Changes in refraction
- B. Changes in the visual field
- C. Changes in central vision
- D. Changes in accommodation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The changes that occur in vision during aging, which include difficulty reading and the need for reading glasses, include changes in accommodation. Accommodation occurs when the ciliary muscles contract or relax to focus an image on the retina.
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The nurse is assisting the eye surgeon in completing an examination of a client's eye. Which piece of equipment would the nurse provide to the surgeon to examine the optic disc under magnification?
- A. Retinoscope
- B. Ophthalmoscope
- C. #NAME?
- D. Amsler grid
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse is correct to provide an ophthalmoscope to the surgeon for examination of the optic disc. A retinoscope is used to determine errors in refraction. A tonometer measures intraocular pressure. An Amsler grid tests for problems with the macula.
The client is consulting with a physician regarding a potential diagnosis of M?©ni?¨re disease. The nurse is assisting in positional testing and documentation. Which diagnostic test would the nurse anticipate to obtain a more precise evaluation of vestibular function?
- A. Audiometry
- B. Electronystagmography
- C. Caloric stimulation test
- D. Romberg test
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The electronystagmography is a more precise method for evaluation vestibular function. It is performed in conjunction with caloric stimulation. When the fluid is instilled in the ear, a machine records the duration and velocity of eye movements with electrodes attached around the eye. Audiometry measures hearing acuity. The Romberg test measures balance.
Audiometry is testing that measures hearing acuity precisely. Who does the nurse know can perform audiometric testing?
- A. School nurse
- B. Hearing aide salesperson
- C. Audiologist
- D. Office nurse
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Audiometry is done by an audiologist. Audiometric testing measures hearing acuity precisely. The other options can screen hearing, but they cannot do audiometric testing.
The nurse is caring for a client ordered for multiple eye screening. Following which procedure will the nurse instruct the client on a yellow coloring to the skin and urine as being normal?
- A. Ultrasonography
- B. Retinal Imaging
- C. Retinal Angiography
- D. Retinoscopy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse is correct to instruct the client that skin and urine may turn yellow following a retinal angiography. Sodium fluorescein is a water-soluble dye that is injected into a vein. The dye then travels to the retinal arteries and capillaries, where pictures are obtained of the vascular supply. The other options do not include a dye injection.
A nurse is assessing a pediatric client in a public health clinic. The parent states that the client has been sneezing and rubbing the eyes. The nurses observes the client's eyes and documents objective symptoms of watery and red eyes. When reporting the assessment findings to the health care provider, which description is appropriate?
- A. Signs and symptoms of conjunctivitis
- B. Signs and symptoms of ptosis
- C. Signs and symptoms of nystagmus
- D. Signs and symptoms of proptosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Conjunctivitis often stems from an allergy causing inflammation of the conjunctiva, which is a thin, transparent mucous membrane. Conjunctivitis can cause symptoms of itchiness, redness, and watery eyes. Ptosis is drooping of the upper eyelid. Proptosis is an extended and upper eyelid that delays in closing or remains partially open. Nystagmus is an uncontrolled oscillating movement of the eyeball.