Pediatric Cardiovascular Disorders Nursing

Pediatric Cardiovascular Disorders Nursing Related

Review Pediatric Cardiovascular Disorders Nursing related questions and content

The nurse is conducting a staff in-service on congenital heart defects. Which structural defect constitutes tetralogy of Fallot?

  • A. Pulmonic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy
  • B. Aortic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy
  • C. Aortic stenosis, atrial septal defect, overriding aorta, left ventricular hypertrophy
  • D. Pulmonic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, aortic hypertrophy, left ventricular hypertrophy
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Tetralogy of Fallot has these four characteristics: pulmonic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy. There is pulmonic stenosis but not atrial stenosis in tetralogy of Fallot. Right ventricular hypertrophy, not left ventricular hypertrophy, is present in tetralogy of Fallot. Tetralogy of Fallot has right ventricular hypertrophy, not left ventricular hypertrophy, and an atrial septal defect, not aortic hypertrophy.

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In the most common type of CAR:

  • A. There is deficient 11-hydroxylase
  • B. Hypertension is a feature
  • C. There is an associated gene defect
  • D. Transmission is autosomal dominant
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Hypertension is a feature of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) caused by deficiencies in enzymes involved in steroidogenesis, including 11-hydroxylase.

What are FOUR possible causes of left axis deviation in a newborn with features of Trisomy 21?

  • A. AVSD
  • B. Tricuspid atresia
  • C. Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum
  • D. Mechanical shift
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: AVSD is a common congenital heart defect associated with Trisomy 21 and can lead to left axis deviation seen on ECG.

Uncommon complications of severe falciparum malaria are:

  • A. Stroke
  • B. Anaemia
  • C. Hepatitis
  • D. Jaundice
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because stroke is an uncommon complication of severe falciparum malaria. The other options (b-e) are more common complications.

Severe pulmonary valve stenosis is defined as a peak gradient of

  • A. >40 mm Hg
  • B. >45 mm Hg
  • C. >50 mm Hg
  • D. >55 mm Hg
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Severe pulmonary valve stenosis is generally defined as a peak gradient >50 mm Hg.

Proteins found in muscle fibres include:

  • A. Vimentin
  • B. Saccharin
  • C. Keratin
  • D. Desmin
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Desmin: Desmin is an intermediate filament protein found in muscle fibers, playing a critical role in maintaining structural integrity and organization within muscle cells.

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