Nokea
In consideration of the historic evolution of maternity care, which treatment options were used over the past century? (Select all that apply.)
- A. During the nineteenth century, women of privilege were delivered by midwives in a hospital setting.
- B. Granny midwives received their training through a period of apprenticeship.
- C. The recognition of improved obstetric outcomes was related to increased usage of hygienic practices.
- D. A shift to hospital-based births occurred as a result of medical equipment designed to facilitate birth.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. During the nineteenth century, women of privilege were typically delivered by midwives in a hospital setting. This practice was common among the wealthier class, as midwives were often considered the primary caregivers during childbirth.
You may also like to solve these questions
What hormonal medication can be used in a premenopausal patient without the concurrent use of ovarian suppression?
- A. letrozole (Femara)
- B. exemestane (Aromasin)
- C. elacestrant (Orserdu)
- D. tamoxifen (Soltamox)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tamoxifen is a hormonal medication that can be used in premenopausal patients without the concurrent use of ovarian suppression. It is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) that acts by blocking estrogen receptors in breast tissue, thereby inhibiting the growth of hormone-sensitive breast cancer cells. Tamoxifen is commonly prescribed for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Unlike aromatase inhibitors (e.g., letrozole and exemestane) which require ovarian suppression in premenopausal patients, tamoxifen can be used as monotherapy in premenopausal patients due to its different mechanism of action. Elacestrant is a selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD) and not commonly used in clinical practice for this indication.
Which nursing intervention is an independent function of the professional nurse?
- A. Administering oral analgesics
- B. Requesting diagnostic studies
- C. Teaching the patient perineal care
- D. Providing wound care to a surgical incision
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Administering oral analgesics is an independent function of the professional nurse. Independent nursing interventions are those that a nurse is licensed to initiate based on their knowledge and skills without needing an order from a healthcare provider. Nurses are educated and trained in medication administration, including oral analgesics, and can independently assess the need for and safely administer them within their scope of practice. While requesting diagnostic studies, teaching perineal care, and providing wound care are essential nursing interventions, they typically require some form of healthcare provider's order or supervision, making them more interdependent activities.
The nurse is providing education to the patient that is receiving a bisphosphate medication for osteoporosis. Which instructions should the nurse include in the teaching plan to reduce side effects and enhance absorption while taking bisphosphates? Select all that apply.
- A. Take the medication with a small meal at the same time
- B. Take the medication with at least 8 oz. of water.
- C. Remain upright for at least 30 minutes after taking a dos
- D. Take the medication on an empty stomach
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. Take the medication with a small meal at the same time: Bisphosphonate medications should be taken with a small meal rather than on an empty stomach to enhance absorption and reduce the risk of gastrointestinal side effects.
The nurse is providing education on the prevention of heart disease for adult females ages 35 to 44 years old.Which of the following would be most appropriate for this disease process? Select all that apply.
- A. Taking a brisk walking for 50 minutes three times a week
- B. Consuming a diet rich in vegetables, fruits, and whole grains
- C. Obtaining a varicella vaccine, if no evidence of immunity
- D. Recognizing the importance of smoking cessation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. Selecting "A" because physical activity, such as brisk walking, is beneficial for heart health. Regular exercise helps in maintaining a healthy weight, lowering blood pressure, and improving overall cardiovascular health.
A patient who is 6 months pregnant has sought medical attention, saying she fell down the stairs. Which scenario would cause an emergency department nurse to suspect that the woman has been battered?
- A. She avoids making eye contact and is hesitant to answer questions.
- B. The woman and her partner are having an argument that is loud and hostile.
- C. The woman has injuries on various parts of her body that are in different stages of healing.
- D. Examination reveals a fractured arm and fresh bruises. Her husband asks her about her pain.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the emergency department nurse would be most likely to suspect that the woman has been battered based on the presence of injuries on various parts of her body that are in different stages of healing. This pattern of injuries, known as the "battered woman syndrome," is a red flag for domestic violence. The varying stages of healing indicate that the injuries are not from a single accidental fall down the stairs but rather from repeated incidents of physical abuse. Additionally, the fact that the injuries are in different locations on the body further suggests that they are not the result of a single traumatic event. This situation warrants further investigation and intervention to ensure the safety and well-being of the pregnant woman and her unborn child.