Nokea
The nurse is discussing kidney transplants with clients at a dialysis center. Which population is less likely to participate in organ donation?
- A. Caucasian.
- B. African American.
- C. Asian.
- D. Hispanic.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: African Americans are statistically less likely to participate in organ donation due to cultural beliefs, mistrust in healthcare systems, and lower registration rates. Other groups have higher participation rates, though disparities exist across all populations.
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In evaluating multiple clients with UTIs, the clinic nurse should identify which client to be at least risk for developing a UTI?
- A. A client with urethral mucosa damage
- B. A client with an altered mental condition
- C. A client with an altered metabolic state
- D. An immunocompromised client
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An altered metabolic state, without specific risk factors like diabetes, poses the least risk for UTIs compared to mucosal damage, mental status changes, or immunosuppression.
Which nursing assessment is most important to perform regularly when a client has an arteriovenous fistula?
- A. Checking the color and temperature of the client's hand
- B. Monitoring the client's wrist and finger range of motion
- C. Improving the tone and coordination of the client's arm muscles
- D. Inspecting the client's forearm skin turgor
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Checking the color and temperature of the hand ensures adequate blood flow and detects complications like thrombosis in the arteriovenous fistula.
The nurse is examining a 15-year-old female who is complaining of pain, frequency, and urgency when urinating. After asking the parent to leave the room, which question should the nurse ask the client?
- A. When was your last menstrual cycle?'
- B. Have you noticed any change in the color of the urine?'
- C. Are you sexually active?'
- D. What have you taken for the pain?'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sexual activity is a risk factor for UTIs in young females due to urethral irritation. Asking this privately ensures honesty and guides diagnosis/treatment. Menstrual cycle, urine color, and pain relief are secondary.
Which medication is most appropriate to administer to the client who is having bladder spasms?
- A. Aspirin by mouth
- B. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) by mouth
- C. Meperidine hydrochloride (Demerol) intramuscularly
- D. Belladonna and opium (B&O) rectal suppository
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Belladonna and opium suppositories are specifically used to relieve bladder spasms post-TURP.
While the fluid is being administered, which nursing assessment is most important?
- A. Checking for pedal edema
- B. Assessing the rapid weight gain
- C. Monitoring specific gravity
- D. Auscultating breath sounds
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Auscultating breath sounds is critical during a fluid challenge to detect signs of fluid overload, such as pulmonary edema.