Nokea
The nurse is discussing prevention of liver cancer with the client. Which vaccine should the nurse recommend?
- A. Varicella vaccine
- B. Hepatitis A vaccine
- C. Meningococcal vaccine
- D. Hepatitis B vaccine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. The varicella vaccine is a live (attenuated) virus administered to protect against chicken pox. There is no evidence that it has an effect on preventing liver cancer. B. Hepatitis A vaccine is given to protect against hepatitis A virus (HAV). HAV can be spread by stool, blood, or food and water that is infected with HAV. There is no evidence that it has an effect on preventing liver cancer. C. Meningococcal vaccine is a vaccine used to prevent meningitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis. There is no evidence that it has an effect on preventing liver cancer. D. Hepatitis B vaccine dramatically reduces the incidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and, in turn, prevents liver cancer. HBV is transmitted through contact with blood or body fluids of an infected person, and it can survive outside the body for at least 7 days.
You may also like to solve these questions
The client diagnosed with sickle cell anemia asks the nurse, 'Why should I take those shots? I hate shots.' Which statement by the nurse is the best response?
- A. These vaccines promote health in clients with chronic illnesses.'
- B. You are susceptible to infections. These shots may help prevent a crisis.'
- C. The vaccines will help your blood from sickling secondary to viruses.'
- D. The doctor wanted to make sure that I discussed the vaccines with you.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Flu/pneumonia vaccines (B) reduce infection risk, a common SCA crisis trigger. General health (A) is vague, sickling (C) is indirect, and HCP mention (D) avoids explanation.
The nurse writes a diagnosis of 'activity intolerance' for a client diagnosed with anemia. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Encourage isometric exercises.
- B. Assist the client with activities of daily living (ADLs).
- C. Provide a high-protein diet.
- D. Refer to the physical therapist.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Assisting with ADLs (B) conserves energy in anemia-related activity intolerance. Isometric exercises (A) strain oxygen capacity, diet (C) is medical, and PT (D) is collaborative.
The client’s nephew has just been diagnosed with sickle cell anemia (SCA). The client asks the nurse, 'How did my nephew get this disease?' Which statement would be the best response by the nurse?
- A. Sickle cell anemia is an inherited autosomal recessive disease.'
- B. He was born with it and both his parents were carriers of the disease.'
- C. At this time, the cause of sickle cell anemia is unknown.'
- D. Your sister was exposed to a virus while she was pregnant.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: SCA is an autosomal recessive disorder (A), the most precise explanation. Parents as carriers (B) is partial, cause is known (C), and viral exposure (D) is incorrect.
The HCP orders two (2) units of blood to be administered over eight (8) hours each for a client diagnosed with heart failure. Which intervention(s) should the nurse implement?
- A. Call the HCP to question the order because blood must infuse within four (4) hours.
- B. Retrieve the blood from the laboratory and run each unit at an eight (8)-hour rate.
- C. Notify the laboratory to split each unit into half-units and infuse each half for four (4) hours.
- D. Infuse each unit for four (4) hours, the maximum rate for a unit of blood.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Blood must infuse within 4 hours to prevent bacterial growth; 8-hour infusion (B) is unsafe, requiring HCP clarification (A). Splitting units (C) is unnecessary, and 4 hours (D) ignores heart failure needs.
The nurse is caring for a child who has hemophilia. He is admitted with a bleeding episode. Which of the following should the nurse expect will be given to stop the bleeding?
- A. Heparin
- B. Cryoprecipitate
- C. Packed cells
- D. Whole blood
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cryoprecipitate contains clotting factors, such as factor VIII, essential for stopping bleeding in hemophilia.