Nokea
The nurse is educating a client about varicosities during pregnancy. Which statement by the client indicates effective teaching?
- A. I need to wear knee-high hose every day to increase my leg circulation.
- B. When I sit at my desk, both of my feet should be resting on the floor.
- C. I should perform Kegel exercises twice a day.
- D. I should call the physician if I do not feel my baby move.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because when sitting with both feet on the floor, it promotes proper circulation and reduces the risk of developing varicose veins. Elevating legs and avoiding crossing them also help. Choice A is incorrect as knee-high hose may constrict circulation. Choice C is irrelevant to varicosities. Choice D is important for monitoring fetal health but not directly related to varicose veins.
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The musculoskeletal system adapts to the changes that occur during pregnancy. A woman can expect to experience what change?
- A. Her center of gravity will shift backward
- B. She will have increased lordosis
- C. She will have increased abdominal muscle tone
- D. She will notice decreased mobility of her pelvic joints
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Increased lordosis (curvature of the lower spine) occurs to help balance the growing uterus. Abdominal muscles stretch and weaken, and pelvic joint mobility increases.
Which time-based description of a stage of development in pregnancy is accurate?
- A. Viability—22 to 37 weeks since the last menstrual period (LMP) (assuming a fetal weight >500 g).
- B. Full Term—Pregnancy from the beginning of week 39 of gestation to the end of week 40.
- C. Preterm—Pregnancy from 20 to 28 weeks.
- D. Postdate—Pregnancy that extends beyond 38 weeks.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Full Term is 39 to 40 weeks of gestation.
Jose's wife, Camilla, is 5 months pregnant and seems more interested in sex than during the first trimester. However, he has told her he is worried about having normal 'relations,' fearing it will hurt the baby. What information can the nurse provide to assist in their decision about sexual activity?
- A. The baby is well protected and will not be injured during intercourse as long as the membranes remain intact and there are no symptoms of preterm labor.
- B. Your husband is correct to be concerned. It would be best if you avoid female orgasm during intercourse.
- C. Intercourse is okay, but avoid experimenting with different partner positions.
- D. Enjoy intimate relations while you can. Things will change after the baby is born.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: The correct answer is A because it provides accurate information. Intercourse during pregnancy is generally safe as long as there are no complications, and the baby is well protected by the amniotic fluid and membranes.
Step 2: The membranes act as a barrier to protect the baby, and as long as there are no signs of preterm labor, intercourse should not harm the baby.
Step 3: Option B is incorrect because there is no evidence to support that female orgasm during intercourse could harm the baby. Option C is incorrect as there is no need to avoid experimenting with different positions unless advised by a healthcare provider. Option D is incorrect as it oversimplifies the situation and doesn't provide accurate information.
A client at 26 weeks gestation is in the office after being discharged from the hospital for preterm contractions. She states that she no longer is having contractions but is really having trouble with heartburn and reflux. Which is the nurse's best response?
- A. Mix 1 teaspoon of baking soda in a glass of water and drink before eating your meal.
- B. Use a laxative when your reflux is bad and this will help to empty your stomach.
- C. Always drink plenty of fluids with your meals to help dilute the food.
- D. Avoid foods that contain a lot of fat.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Avoid foods that contain a lot of fat. This is the best response because fatty foods can worsen heartburn and reflux by relaxing the lower esophageal sphincter, leading to acid reflux. By avoiding high-fat foods, the client can reduce the likelihood of experiencing heartburn and reflux symptoms.
Rationale:
1. High-fat foods can delay stomach emptying, causing food to stay longer in the stomach, increasing the risk of reflux.
2. Fatty foods can trigger the production of more stomach acid, exacerbating heartburn and reflux.
3. Avoiding high-fat foods can help decrease pressure on the stomach, reducing the likelihood of acid reflux.
4. Other options (A, B, C) do not address the root cause of heartburn and reflux associated with high-fat foods.
In summary, choosing option D to avoid high-fat foods is the most appropriate response to help alleviate the client's heartburn and reflux symptoms during pregnancy.
Physiologic anemia often occurs during pregnancy due to
- A. inadequate intake of iron.
- B. the fetus establishing iron stores.
- C. dilution of hemoglobin concentration.
- D. decreased production of erythrocytes.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Physiologic anemia during pregnancy occurs due to the dilution of hemoglobin concentration. As blood volume increases more than red blood cell production, hemoglobin becomes more diluted, leading to lower hemoglobin levels. Inadequate iron intake (A) can cause iron-deficiency anemia, not physiologic anemia. The fetus establishing iron stores (B) is not a cause of anemia in the mother. Decreased production of erythrocytes (D) is not the primary reason for physiologic anemia during pregnancy.