Atrium Health Womens Care Maternal Fetal Monitoring

Atrium Health Womens Care Maternal Fetal Monitoring Related

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The nurse is educating a pregnant patient about the signs of preterm labor. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching plan?

  • A. Frequent, regular contractions every 10 minutes or less.
  • B. Decreased fetal movement and back pain.
  • C. Mild cramping and occasional vaginal spotting.
  • D. Headaches and blurred vision, especially after physical activity.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Frequent, regular contractions every 10 minutes or less are a key sign of preterm labor, indicating the uterus is contracting and potentially dilating prematurely.
Step 2: This pattern of contractions can lead to preterm delivery and requires immediate medical attention to prevent complications for both the mother and the baby.
Step 3: Decreased fetal movement and back pain (Option B) are not specific signs of preterm labor but can indicate other issues that need evaluation.
Step 4: Mild cramping and occasional vaginal spotting (Option C) can be normal in pregnancy and may not always indicate preterm labor.
Step 5: Headaches and blurred vision (Option D) are more indicative of conditions like preeclampsia rather than preterm labor.

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A pregnant woman informs the nurse that her last normal menstrual period was on September 20, 2012. Using Nagele’s rule, the nurse calculates the client’s estimated date of delivery as:

  • A. May 30, 2013.
  • B. June 20, 2013.
  • C. June 27, 2013.
  • D. July 3, 2013.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Using Nagele’s rule (adding 7 days to the first day of the last menstrual period, subtracting 3 months, and adding 1 year), the calculated EDD is June 27, 2013.

A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a postpartum person who had a cesarean birth. What is the most important instruction to include?

  • A. avoid heavy lifting
  • B. encourage deep breathing exercises
  • C. encourage early ambulation
  • D. avoid sexual activity
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: encourage deep breathing exercises. Deep breathing helps prevent complications like pneumonia after surgery, aids in lung expansion, and promotes overall respiratory health. Choice A is important but not the most crucial post-cesarean. Choice C promotes mobility but doesn't address immediate respiratory needs. Choice D is important but not the most vital in the early postpartum period.

A nurse is caring for a patient in labor who is experiencing intense pain. Which of the following would be the most appropriate intervention to manage pain during labor?

  • A. Encourage the patient to practice deep breathing and relaxation techniques.
  • B. Administer intravenous fluids to reduce pain sensation.
  • C. Provide a sedative to help the patient rest between contractions.
  • D. Suggest an epidural to block pain completely.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Encourage the patient to practice deep breathing and relaxation techniques. This is the most appropriate intervention to manage pain during labor because deep breathing and relaxation techniques can help the patient to cope with the pain, reduce stress, and promote a sense of control. These techniques are safe, non-invasive, and can be effective in managing labor pain without the need for medication or invasive procedures.

Summary:
- Choice B (Administer intravenous fluids): Intravenous fluids do not directly reduce pain sensation and are not a primary intervention for managing labor pain.
- Choice C (Provide a sedative): Sedatives may affect the baby and can interfere with the progress of labor. They do not address the root cause of pain during labor.
- Choice D (Suggest an epidural): While epidurals can provide effective pain relief, they are not always necessary or desired by all patients. Encouraging non-pharmacological methods first is often preferred.

What is the primary goal of using a forceps-assisted delivery?

  • A. to assist with fetal descent
  • B. to provide immediate relief of shoulder dystocia
  • C. to help expel the placenta
  • D. to avoid unnecessary surgical interventions
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The primary goal of using forceps in delivery is to help expel the placenta. Forceps are not typically used to assist with fetal descent, provide immediate relief of shoulder dystocia, or avoid unnecessary surgical interventions. Forceps are specifically designed to aid in the safe and efficient removal of the placenta after the baby has been delivered. This minimizes the risk of postpartum hemorrhage and other complications.

A woman states that she frequently awakens with 'painful leg cramps' during the night. Which of the following assessments should the nurse make?

  • A. Dietary evaluation.
  • B. Goodell’s sign.
  • C. Hegar’s sign.
  • D. Posture evaluation.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Leg cramps during pregnancy are often related to dietary deficiencies, particularly calcium and magnesium. A dietary evaluation is the most appropriate assessment.

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