Nokea
The nurse is performing an initial assessment of an older adult resident who has just relocated to the long-term care facility. During the nurses interview with the patient, she admits that she drinks around 20 ounces of vodka every evening. What types of cancer does this put her at risk for? Select all that apply.
- A. Malignant melanoma
- B. Brain cancer
- C. Breast cancer
- D. Esophageal cancer E) Liver cancer
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Esophageal cancer. Alcohol consumption is a known risk factor for developing esophageal cancer. Ethanol, a component of alcohol, can damage the cells lining the esophagus and lead to the development of cancer over time.
Incorrect choices:
A: Malignant melanoma - Alcohol consumption is not directly linked to the development of malignant melanoma, a type of skin cancer.
B: Brain cancer - There is no strong evidence linking alcohol consumption to an increased risk of brain cancer.
C: Breast cancer - While excessive alcohol consumption is a risk factor for breast cancer, the primary association is with esophageal cancer in this case.
E: Liver cancer - While alcohol abuse can lead to liver damage and increase the risk of liver cancer, the question specifies the types of cancer the patient is at risk for due to alcohol consumption, not the general risks associated with alcohol abuse.
You may also like to solve these questions
Which findings should the nurse follow up on afterremoval of a catheter from a patient? (Select allthat apply.)
- A. Increasing fluid intake
- B. Dribbling of urine
- C. Voiding in small amounts
- D. Voiding within 6 hours of catheter removal
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Dribbling of urine. This finding should be followed up on after catheter removal because it may indicate urinary retention or incomplete bladder emptying, which can lead to complications such as urinary tract infection.
A: Increasing fluid intake is important for overall hydration but is not a specific finding that requires follow-up after catheter removal.
C: Voiding in small amounts may be a normal response initially after catheter removal and does not necessarily indicate a problem.
D: Voiding within 6 hours of catheter removal is a positive sign of bladder function recovery and does not require immediate follow-up.
A patient in her 30s has two young children and has just had a modified radical mastectomy with immediate reconstruction. The patient shares with the nurse that she is somewhat worried about her future, but she appears to be adjusting well to her diagnosis and surgery. What nursing intervention is most appropriate to support this patients coping?
- A. Encourage the patients spouse or partner to be supportive while she recovers.
- B. Encourage the patient to proceed with the next phase of treatment.
- C. Recommend that the patient remain optimistic for the sake of her children.
- D. Arrange a referral to a community-based support program.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, which is to arrange a referral to a community-based support program. This option is the most appropriate because it offers the patient ongoing support from individuals who understand what she is going through. Community-based support programs can provide a safe space for the patient to share her feelings, connect with others in similar situations, and access additional resources for coping. This intervention focuses on providing the patient with adequate support beyond the immediate recovery period, which is crucial for long-term coping and adjustment.
Option A is incorrect as it may not consider the patient's individual needs for support beyond her spouse or partner. Option B may be premature as the patient might need time to process her diagnosis and surgery before moving on to the next phase of treatment. Option C may put undue pressure on the patient to maintain a specific emotional state for the sake of others, which may not be beneficial for her own coping and healing process.
A 25-year-old female patient with brain metastases is considering her life expectancy after her most recent meeting with her oncologist. Based on the fact that the patient is not receiving treatment for her brain metastases, what is the nurses most appropriate action?
- A. Promoting the patients functional status and ADLs
- B. Ensuring that the patient receives adequate palliative care
- C. Ensuring that the family does not tell the patient that her condition is terminal
- D. Promoting adherence to the prescribed medication regimen
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ensuring that the patient receives adequate palliative care. Palliative care focuses on improving the quality of life for patients with serious illnesses, including managing symptoms and providing emotional support. In this case, since the patient is not receiving treatment for her brain metastases, palliative care would be most appropriate to help alleviate any pain or discomfort she may be experiencing and provide holistic support for her and her family.
A: Promoting the patient's functional status and ADLs may not be the priority if the patient's prognosis is terminal and she is not receiving treatment for her brain metastases.
C: Ensuring that the family does not tell the patient her condition is terminal goes against ethical principles of honesty and transparency in healthcare.
D: Promoting adherence to the prescribed medication regimen may not be relevant if the patient is not receiving active treatment for her brain metastases.
A patient with a brain tumor has begun to exhibit signs of cachexia. What subsequent assessment should the nurse prioritize?
- A. Assessment of peripheral nervous function
- B. Assessment of cranial nerve function
- C. Assessment of nutritional status
- D. Assessment of respiratory status
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Assessment of nutritional status. Cachexia is a complex metabolic syndrome characterized by weight loss, muscle wasting, and weakness commonly seen in cancer patients. Assessing the patient's nutritional status is crucial to address the underlying causes of cachexia and to develop an appropriate management plan. This assessment includes evaluating dietary intake, weight changes, body composition, and nutritional deficiencies.
Choice A: Assessment of peripheral nervous function is not the priority in this case as cachexia is primarily related to metabolic and nutritional issues rather than peripheral nervous system dysfunction.
Choice B: Assessment of cranial nerve function is also not the priority since cachexia is not directly associated with cranial nerve dysfunction.
Choice D: Assessment of respiratory status may be important in general patient care, but in this case, addressing the underlying nutritional issues that are contributing to cachexia should be the priority.
A nurse who works in an oncology clinic is assessing a patient who has arrived for a 2-month follow-up appointment following chemotherapy. The nurse notes that the patients skin appears yellow. Which blood tests should be done to further explore this clinical sign?
- A. Liver function tests (LFTs)
- B. Complete blood count (CBC)
- C. Platelet count
- D. Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Liver function tests (LFTs). Yellow skin can indicate jaundice, a sign of liver dysfunction, often seen in patients with liver issues or chemotherapy-related liver toxicity. LFTs including bilirubin, ALT, AST, and ALP can help assess liver function.
B: Complete blood count (CBC) and C: Platelet count are not directly related to yellow skin and would not provide information on liver function.
D: Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine are tests for kidney function, not liver function. While kidney dysfunction can sometimes cause yellow skin, LFTs are more specific for assessing liver function in this context.