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The nurse is performing the Romberg test on a client during a neurological assessment. Which of the following best describes the rationale for conducting the Romberg test?
- A. To measure respiratory rate and depth
- B. To evaluate coordination and fine motor skills
- C. To test for proprioception and vestibular function
- D. To assess cranial nerve function related to facial expression
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The Romberg test is performed to assess the client's ability to maintain balance with eyes closed, testing proprioception and vestibular function. Proprioception is the sense of body position, while vestibular function relates to balance and spatial orientation. This test helps to identify sensory ataxia, where proprioceptive input is impaired. By eliminating visual input, the Romberg test challenges the vestibular and proprioceptive systems to maintain balance. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not relate to the specific purpose of the Romberg test in assessing proprioception and vestibular function.
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A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with Trigeminal neuralgia who is suddenly experiencing severe pain on the left side of the face. The nurse identifies which classification of medications is most effective in treating this type of pain?
- A. Analgesics
- B. Antibiotics
- C. Anticonvulsants
- D. Antihistamines
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Anticonvulsants. Trigeminal neuralgia is a neuropathic pain disorder, and anticonvulsants like carbamazepine are the first-line treatment due to their ability to stabilize nerve cell membranes and reduce pain signals. Analgesics (choice A) may not be effective for neuropathic pain. Antibiotics (choice B) are used to treat infections, not neuropathic pain. Antihistamines (choice D) are used for allergies and not indicated for treating trigeminal neuralgia.
A nurse educator is teaching a group of students about the role of nurses in health promotion. The educator recognizes that the nurse who works in health promotion and safety for an automotive plant is functioning in what role?
- A. Nurse clinician
- B. Public health nurse
- C. Community nurse specialist
- D. Occupational health nurse
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Occupational health nurse. An occupational health nurse specializes in promoting health and safety in the workplace, such as in an automotive plant. This role involves assessing workplace hazards, developing safety protocols, and educating employees on injury prevention. The other choices are incorrect because: A) Nurse clinician focuses on direct patient care, B) Public health nurse focuses on community health outside of the workplace, C) Community nurse specialist focuses on a specific community's health needs. Therefore, the occupational health nurse best fits the scenario described.
A nurse is providing care to a client with Myasthenia gravis who has lost 6 kg of weight over the past 2 months. What should the nurse suggest to improve this client's nutritional status?
- A. Restrict drinking fluids before and during meals
- B. Plan medication doses to occur before meals
- C. Increase the amount of fat and carbohydrates in meals
- D. Eat three large meals per day
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Plan medication doses to occur before meals. This is because Myasthenia gravis can cause difficulty swallowing, leading to weight loss. Taking medication before meals can enhance the client's ability to eat by improving muscle strength for swallowing and chewing. Restricting fluids (A) may exacerbate swallowing difficulties. Increasing fat and carbohydrates (C) can lead to weight gain but may not address the swallowing issue. Eating three large meals (D) may be challenging for someone with swallowing difficulties.
A nurse is caring for a client who questions the need for cardiac rehabilitation, stating, 'My heart is permanently damaged from the heart attack, so what's the point of cardiac rehabilitation?' Which response should the nurse prioritize?
- A. It's not unusual to feel that way at first, but once you learn the routine, you'll enjoy it
- B. Diet and exercise are good for you and good for your heart
- C. Cardiac rehabilitation cannot undo the damage to your heart but it can help you get back to your previous level of activity safely
- D. Your doctor is the expert here, and I'm sure they would only recommend what is best for you
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Cardiac rehabilitation cannot undo the damage to your heart but it can help you get back to your previous level of activity safely. This response prioritizes providing the client with accurate information and managing expectations. It acknowledges the client's concern about the permanent damage to the heart but also emphasizes the benefits of cardiac rehabilitation in improving overall function and quality of life. It is essential for the nurse to address the client's misconceptions and provide education on the purpose and benefits of cardiac rehabilitation.
Choice A is incorrect as it focuses more on the client's emotional response rather than providing factual information. Choice B is too general and does not directly address the client's specific concerns. Choice D shifts the responsibility to the doctor without addressing the client's question directly.
A nurse is educating nursing students on the importance of client-centered community-based care. The nurse understands that which of the following principles is most essential to client-centered, community-based care in nursing?
- A. Encouraging clients to make decisions without considering their cultural or social background
- B. Ensuring that care plans are tailored to the individual needs and preferences of clients within their community
- C. Focusing primarily on the medical treatment of diseases within a hospital setting
- D. Prioritizing the efficiency of healthcare delivery over patient satisfaction and outcomes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B - Ensuring that care plans are tailored to the individual needs and preferences of clients within their community.
Rationale:
1. Client-centered care emphasizes individuality: By tailoring care plans to individual needs and preferences, nurses show respect for each client's unique circumstances.
2. Community-based care focuses on local resources: By considering the community context, nurses can incorporate resources and support systems specific to the client's environment.
3. Personalized care enhances outcomes: Addressing individual needs leads to better engagement, adherence, and overall health outcomes for clients.
4. Promotes empowerment and autonomy: Involving clients in care planning based on their preferences fosters autonomy and empowers them to actively participate in their own health management.
Summary:
- Choice A neglects the importance of cultural and social backgrounds in decision-making, which are key factors in providing client-centered care.
- Choice C focuses on a hospital setting, not community-based care.
- Choice D prioritizes efficiency over patient satisfaction,