Nokea
The nurse is providing education to a client who is newly diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Which client statements indicate the need for additional teaching? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
- A. I may experience urinary incontinence
- B. I should not exercise because this may trigger an exacerbation
- C. I need to check the water temperature before I take a bath
- D. I may experience visual disturbances
- E. I should alternate the eye patch every other day to help with the double vision
Correct Answer: B,E
Rationale: Correct Answer: B, E
Rationale:
- Choice B is incorrect because exercise is beneficial for MS clients, improving strength and mood. Avoiding exercise is not recommended.
- Choice E is incorrect because alternating the eye patch can worsen double vision. Consistent use of the eye patch is more effective.
- Choices A, C, and D are correct statements that indicate proper understanding of MS symptoms and self-care.
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A charge nurse is making a room assignment for a client who has scabies. In which of the following rooms should the nurse place the client?
- A. A negative-pressure isolation room
- B. A private room
- C. A semi-private room with a client who has pediculosis capitis
- D. A positive-pressure isolation room
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, a private room. Scabies is transmitted through direct skin-to-skin contact, so placing the client in a private room helps prevent spread to others. Choice A, a negative-pressure isolation room, is used for airborne infections. Choice C, a semi-private room with a client who has pediculosis capitis, is incorrect because scabies and head lice are different conditions with different modes of transmission. Choice D, a positive-pressure isolation room, is used to protect immunocompromised individuals from outside pathogens.
The nurse is learning about effective nurse leadership. The nurse should recognize that an effective nurse leader has which of the following qualities? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
- A. Conflict resolution skills
- B. Integrity
- C. Ability to set priorities
- D. Authoritarian leadership style
- E. Resistant to change
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: The correct answer is A, B, and C. A nurse leader needs conflict resolution skills (A) to manage interpersonal issues. Integrity (B) is essential for trust and credibility. The ability to set priorities (C) ensures efficient workflow. Choice D, an authoritarian leadership style, is incorrect as it can hinder teamwork and morale. Choice E, being resistant to change, is incorrect as nurse leaders must adapt to evolving healthcare practices.
The public health nurse is assigned to the population of clients in an inner-city community. The nurse identifies which of the following as a priority intervention?
- A. Develop a survey on teen pregnancies
- B. Hold a focus group to discuss immunizations
- C. Perform a windshield survey
- D. Interview the elderly at the senior's center
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Perform a windshield survey. This is the priority intervention because it involves assessing the community's overall health needs and resources by physically observing the environment. It helps in identifying key health issues, resources, and potential areas for intervention. Developing a survey on teen pregnancies (A) may be important but not a priority without assessing the community first. Holding a focus group on immunizations (B) is valuable but may not address the broader health needs of the community. Interviewing the elderly at the senior's center (D) is specific and may not represent the entire community.
The nurse is caring for a client with multiple sclerosis. What action does the nurse implement to increase venous return, prevent stiffness, and maintain muscle strength and endurance?
- A. Encourage the client to use ice therapy to alleviate muscle stiffness
- B. Administer interferon
- C. Administer corticosteroids
- D. Encourage the client to perform gentle stretching exercises daily
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Encourage the client to perform gentle stretching exercises daily. Stretching exercises help increase venous return by improving circulation, prevent stiffness by maintaining joint flexibility, and maintain muscle strength and endurance by promoting muscle health. Ice therapy (choice A) may temporarily alleviate stiffness but does not address venous return or muscle strength. Administering interferon (choice B) and corticosteroids (choice C) are medications used for managing symptoms but do not directly address the goals of increasing venous return or maintaining muscle strength.
Which of the following statements indicate the importance of epidemiology to the community health nurse? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
- A. Epidemiology interprets legislation in the community
- B. Epidemiology evaluates the effectiveness of nursing interventions
- C. Epidemiology analyzes and examines the root causes of health outcomes
- D. Epidemiology defines the burden of disease and determinants of health
- E. Epidemiology relates to the health status of a population
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: The correct answers are B, C, D, and E. The importance of epidemiology to the community health nurse lies in its ability to evaluate the effectiveness of nursing interventions (B), analyze and examine the root causes of health outcomes (C), define the burden of disease and determinants of health (D), and relate to the health status of a population (E). By evaluating interventions, nurses can ensure they are evidence-based. Analyzing root causes helps in developing targeted interventions. Defining the burden of disease guides resource allocation. Relating to the health status aids in planning and implementing community health programs. Choices A, F, and G are incorrect as epidemiology does not primarily focus on interpreting legislation or other unrelated aspects.