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The nurse is planning a nutrition class for a group of high school students emphasizing the goals for nutrition from Healthy People 2020. Which meal selection provides the best choices in meeting these goals?
- A. pasta with cheese sauce, garlic butter bread, and vegetable juice drink
- B. a 6-oz pork chop, creamed peas, cheese sauce on potatoes, coffee
- C. vegetable lasagna, lettuce salad, a whole wheat roll, 8 oz of 2% milk
- D. bacon, lettuce, tomato sandwich, whole grain chips, 8 oz. of whole milk
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because vegetable lasagna, lettuce salad, and a whole wheat roll with 2% milk align with the nutrition goals of Healthy People 2020. These choices provide a balanced meal with vegetables, whole grains, and dairy, promoting a healthier dietary pattern. Choices A, B, and D do not offer as comprehensive a selection of food groups or as healthy options as choice C, making them less aligned with the nutrition goals of Healthy People 2020.
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The family presents several problems. Which of the following criteria is considered in determining the priority health problem?
- A. expected consequence of the problem
- B. cooperation and support of the family
- C. involvement of the family members in the problem
- D. modifiability of the problem
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When determining the priority health problem within a family, one key criterion to consider is the modifiability of the problem. This means assessing whether the health issue can be changed or improved through interventions. Choices A, B, and C are not directly related to the priority of the health problem within the family. The expected consequence of the problem, cooperation and support of the family, and involvement of family members are important factors but do not specifically address the priority of the health issue based on modifiability.
The public health RN is called to investigate a report of several cases of varicella at a daycare center. The daycare workers state that 5 children have been sent home over the past 2 weeks with fever and itchy blisters. Which intervention should the RN implement first?
- A. Validate that the children who were sent home had chickenpox.
- B. Ask the parents to take the child to see their pediatrician.
- C. Ask the parents to not send the child back to daycare until after 6 weeks.
- D. Tell the parents to send the child back to daycare; it was a mistake they were sent home.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to validate that the children who were sent home had chickenpox. This is crucial in confirming the presence of varicella, which is necessary for appropriate management and control of the outbreak. Option B is not the first intervention because the focus initially is on verifying the cases within the daycare center. Option C is incorrect as it suggests a prolonged exclusion period without confirming the diagnosis. Option D is inappropriate and potentially harmful, as sending a child back without proper assessment can lead to further spread of the infection.
The process by which an individual gains knowledge and skills to improve their health and well-being is known as:
- A. Health literacy
- B. Health education
- C. Health promotion
- D. Health behavior
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Health education. Health education is the process through which individuals acquire knowledge and skills to enhance their health and well-being. Health literacy (choice A) refers to the ability to understand and use health information, but it is not the same as the process of gaining knowledge and skills. Health promotion (choice C) involves advocating for health and implementing interventions to improve health outcomes, rather than the individual learning process. Health behavior (choice D) pertains to the actions individuals take regarding their health, not specifically the process of gaining knowledge and skills.
The nurse understands that the primary goal of the occupational health program is:
- A. curative care of workers/employees
- B. birth and death rates
- C. disease trends
- D. social environmental conditions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The primary goal of an occupational health program is to provide curative care to workers/employees. This includes preventing and treating work-related illnesses and injuries, promoting workplace safety, and ensuring the well-being of employees in their work environment. Choice B, birth and death rates, is not directly related to the primary goal of an occupational health program. Choice C, disease trends, may be a focus of public health programs but is not the primary goal of an occupational health program. Choice D, social environmental conditions, while important for overall health, is not the primary goal of an occupational health program which is more focused on the health and safety of workers in their work settings.
A female client diagnosed with genital herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV 2) complains of dysuria, dyspareunia, leukorrhea, and lesions on the labia and perianal skin. A primary nursing action with the focus of comfort should be to
- A. Suggest 3 to 4 warm sitz baths per day
- B. Cleanse the genitalia twice a day with soap and water
- C. Spray warm water over genitalia after urination
- D. Apply heat or cold to lesions as desired
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to suggest 3 to 4 warm sitz baths per day. Warm sitz baths can soothe the irritated genital area, reduce pain, and promote healing of the lesions associated with genital herpes. Cleansing the genitalia with soap and water or spraying warm water over the genitalia after urination may further irritate the lesions. Applying heat or cold to lesions as desired may not provide the same level of comfort and healing as warm sitz baths.