Nokea
The nurse is planning an educational session with a group of school-age children. Which primary task from Erikson's theory of psychosocial development should be addressed?
- A. Establishing trust in others
- B. Developing a sense of autonomy
- C. Developing a sense of industry
- D. Establishing a sense of identity
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, school-age children typically focus on developing a sense of industry. This stage, occurring during middle childhood, involves the desire to feel competent and productive in their skills and abilities. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because establishing trust in others (A) is related to the first stage of Erikson's theory (trust vs. mistrust) which occurs in infancy, developing a sense of autonomy (B) is linked to the second stage (autonomy vs. shame and doubt) which occurs in early childhood, and establishing a sense of identity (D) is associated with the fifth stage (identity vs. role confusion) which occurs in adolescence.
You may also like to solve these questions
A newborn has been diagnosed with Hirschsprung's disease. The parent asks the nurse about the symptoms that led to the diagnosis. Which symptoms should the nurse include in the response?
- A. Acute diarrhea and dehydration
- B. Current jelly-like stools and pain
- C. Failure to pass meconium and abdominal distension
- D. Projectile vomiting and altered electrolytes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Failure to pass meconium and abdominal distension. Hirschsprung's disease is commonly diagnosed in newborns due to the failure to pass meconium within the first 24-48 hours after birth and abdominal distension, indicating a bowel obstruction. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not correspond to the typical symptoms of Hirschsprung's disease. Acute diarrhea and dehydration, current jelly-like stools and pain, and projectile vomiting with altered electrolytes are not characteristic of this condition.
The physician tells the parents of a 2-year-old that the child probably has RSV. The parents ask how the diagnosis will be confirmed. How should the nurse respond?
- A. We will swab your child's nose and send the secretions for testing.
- B. There is no specific test for RSV. The diagnosis is based on symptoms.
- C. We will send a viral culture to an outside lab for testing.
- D. There is no specific test for RSV. The diagnosis is based on symptoms.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. RSV is typically diagnosed by swabbing the nose and testing the secretions. This method helps confirm the presence of the respiratory syncytial virus. Choice B is incorrect because while symptoms are important in diagnosis, specific tests like swabbing for RSV do exist. Choice C is incorrect as sending a viral culture to an outside lab is not the primary method for diagnosing RSV. Choice D is a duplicate of choice B and is incorrect for the same reasons.
A 2-year-old child has a chronic history of constipation and is brought to the clinic for evaluation. What should the therapeutic plan initially include?
- A. Bowel cleansing
- B. Dietary modification
- C. Structured toilet training
- D. Behavior modification
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dietary modification is often the first step in managing chronic constipation in children, focusing on increasing fiber and fluid intake. Other interventions like bowel cleansing and toilet training may follow if dietary changes are insufficient.
A 7-year-old has been diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. Chest physiotherapy has been ordered. What information should the nurse give to the parents regarding when chest physiotherapy is done?
- A. Before aerosol treatment
- B. After suctioning
- C. Before postural drainage
- D. Before meals
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 'Before meals'. Chest physiotherapy should be performed before meals to reduce the risk of vomiting and to ensure that the airways are clear for effective nutrition. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because chest physiotherapy is ideally done before meals to optimize its benefits and avoid complications associated with timing.
According to Erikson's developmental theory, toddlers need to be encouraged to become independent to successfully complete which developmental challenge?
- A. Trust vs. mistrust
- B. Industry vs. inferiority
- C. Autonomy vs. shame and doubt
- D. Initiative vs. guilt
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Autonomy vs. shame and doubt. Erikson's developmental stage for toddlers focuses on the conflict between developing a sense of independence (autonomy) and feelings of inadequacy (shame and doubt). Encouraging toddlers to explore their environment and make choices helps them build self-confidence and independence. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because trust vs. mistrust relates to infancy, industry vs. inferiority is associated with school-age children, and initiative vs. guilt is linked to preschoolers.