Nokea
The nurse anticipates that the signs and symptoms of BPH do NOT include_________.
- A. frequency of urination
- B. pain on urination
- C. dribbling of urine
- D. hesitancy in starting urination
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: One of the signs and symptoms of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is not pain on urination. BPH is a non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate gland which can cause urinary symptoms such as frequency of urination, dribbling of urine, hesitancy in starting urination, weak urine flow, feeling of incomplete bladder emptying, and increased urination at night (nocturia). Pain on urination is not typically associated with BPH, and it may suggest other urinary tract issues such as a urinary tract infection or a different medical condition.
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In handling all information about the famiilies in the community, which of the following principles should the nurse consider ethical?
- A. Confidentialty
- B. Justice
- C. Fair treatment
- D. Beneficence
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When handling information about families in the community, the nurse should consider the principle of confidentiality as ethical. Confidentiality refers to the obligation of healthcare providers to safeguard the privacy of patient information. By maintaining confidentiality, the nurse upholds trust and respect in the nurse-family relationship. This principle ensures that sensitive information shared by families is kept secure and not disclosed without permission, thus respecting their autonomy and promoting open communication in healthcare settings.
Physiologic jaundice among newborn babies usually occur on, which of the following? It occurs ________.
- A. Within 24 hours from birth
- B. 7 days after birth
- C. Upon birth
- D. Between the 2nd and the 3rd day after birth
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Physiologic jaundice among newborn babies typically occurs between the 2nd and the 3rd day after birth. This type of jaundice is considered normal and harmless and is caused by the breakdown of red blood cells and the immaturity of the newborn baby's liver in processing bilirubin. The bilirubin levels rise in the blood, leading to a yellowish discoloration of the skin and eyes. This type of jaundice usually peaks around the 3rd to 4th day after birth and then gradually resolves without treatment within the first week of life. It is important for healthcare providers to monitor bilirubin levels and ensure that they do not reach dangerous levels that could potentially harm the newborn.
A nurse administer as extra dose of vaccine to a child and the patient developed adverse reaction and died. She can be sued for _____.
- A. Negligence
- B. Tort
- C. Malpractice
- D. Battery
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the nurse can be sued for malpractice. Malpractice refers to the failure of a professional, in this case, a nurse, to provide the standard of care that a reasonably prudent nurse would have provided in similar circumstances, resulting in harm to the patient. Administering an extra dose of vaccine leading to an adverse reaction and death of the patient is considered a form of medical malpractice as it involves a breach in the standard of care. Generally, malpractice cases involve errors or negligence in the performance of professional duties, which result in harm to the patient.
A nurse is preparing to perform a urinary catheterization for a patient. What action should the nurse take to ensure proper insertion technique?
- A. Inserting the catheter without using sterile gloves
- B. Using aseptic technique and sterile equipment during catheter insertion
- C. Performing catheterization without using lubricating jelly
- D. Advancing the catheter rapidly to minimize patient discomfort
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to ensure proper insertion technique during a urinary catheterization is to use aseptic technique and sterile equipment. This is crucial in preventing infections and ensuring patient safety. Aseptic technique involves maintaining cleanliness and preventing the introduction of harmful microorganisms during invasive procedures like catheterization. Using sterile equipment helps minimize the risk of introducing bacteria into the urinary tract, which could lead to a urinary tract infection (UTI). Therefore, it is essential that the nurse follows strict infection control protocols and uses sterile equipment to maintain patient safety and well-being during the catheterization procedure.
and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) during the acute phase response?
- A. Macrophages
- B. T lymphocytes
- C. B lymphocytes
- D. Natural killer (NK) cells
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Macrophages are the primary cells responsible for producing tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) during the acute phase response. TNF-α is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays a critical role in initiating and propagating the inflammatory response. Macrophages secrete TNF-α in response to infection, injury, or other inflammatory stimuli, contributing to the recruitment of immune cells and the activation of additional inflammatory pathways. In the context of the acute phase response, macrophages are key mediators of the immune response and play a crucial role in host defense mechanisms.