Nokea
The nurse is preparing a client for discharge who was recently diagnosed with Addison's disease. Which instruction is most important for the nurse to include in the client's discharge teaching plan?
- A. Use a walker when weakness occurs
- B. Avoid extreme environmental temperatures
- C. Increase daily intake of sodium in diet
- D. Take prescribed cortisone accurately
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Taking prescribed cortisone accurately is crucial for managing Addison's disease and preventing an adrenal crisis.
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Bronchoconstriction is a recognised side effect of:
- A. Captopril
- B. Salbutamol
- C. Ibuprofen
- D. Paracetamol
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Salbutamol can cause bronchoconstriction in some cases due to its paradoxical effect, especially if overused or misused.
In febrile convulsions:
- A. Familial predisposition is the same as in idiopathic epilepsy
- B. Carbamazepine achieves good seizure control
- C. Shigella dysentery may be a cause
- D. Deafness can occur if seizure is prolonged
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Shigella dysentery, a bacterial infection, can cause febrile convulsions in children due to the high fever associated with the infection.
Left axis deviation of the QRS complex is associated with all the following except
- A. Inflow ventricular septal defect
- B. Pulmonary atresia with intact interventricular septum
- C. Double outlet right ventricle with subaortic ventricular septal defect
- D. Noonan syndrome with pulmonary stenosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Left axis deviation is not typically associated with inflow ventricular septal defect.
All of the following are true regarding transient neonatal pustular melanosis, except
- A. Increased melanization of epidermal cells is characteristic
- B. Active phase shows intracorneal or subcorneal pustules filled with eosinophils
- C. Pustular phase rarely lasts more than 2-3 days
- D. Lesions of pustular melanosis do not contain bacteria
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The active phase of transient neonatal pustular melanosis shows pustules filled with neutrophils, not eosinophils.
Prevalence of psychiatric disorder:
- A. Is higher in urban than in rural areas
- B. Is increased in children with moderate learning difficulties
- C. Is increased in severe physical disability
- D. Is higher in children in social service care
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Psychiatric disorders are more prevalent in urban areas compared to rural areas. They are also increased in children with learning difficulties and those in social service care.