Nokea
The nurse is preparing material about the neurological system as part of a major presentation. What should the nurse include that explains the purpose of white matter?
- A. Carries either sensory or motor impulses
- B. Location of white blood cells within the brain
- C. Protects the spinal nerves from potential injury
- D. Regulates movement and responses to external stimuli
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: White matter consists of myelinated nerve tracts that carry sensory or motor impulses within the central nervous system. It does not contain white blood cells, protect spinal nerves, or regulate movement directly. Understanding the function of white matter is crucial for explaining how information is transmitted in the nervous system.
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Why should clients who take warfarin (Coumadin®) refrain from food items such as green, leafy vegetables and soybeans?
- A. Because the foods contain vitamin K
- B. which reduces the anticoagulant effect of the medication.
- C. Because the foods contain vitamin K
- D. which increases the anticoagulant effect of the medication.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Vitamin K counteracts the effects of warfarin.
A patient has unilateral facial paralysis and is unable to close his or her right eye. He or she is diagnosed with Bell's palsy. He or she asks the physician if there is any special care required for his or her eye. What is the best response?
- A. No, since the symptoms will go away in a few weeks.
- B. Wear sunglasses.
- C. Increase fluid intake to prevent dryness of the eye.
- D. Yes, you will need to instill artificial teardrops and use an eye patch.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Protecting the eye from dryness and injury is essential when the eyelid cannot close properly.
Nurse Harris is providing lifestyle and safety advice to Mr. Baker, a patient with Parkinson's disease. She wants to ensure that Mr. Baker avoids activities that might exacerbate his symptoms or pose a risk to his health. Which of the following should Nurse Harris advise Mr. Baker to avoid?
- A. Participating in seated yoga classes.
- B. Walking on uneven terrain alone.
- C. Eating a balanced diet rich in fiber.
- D. Engaging in mild stretching exercises.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Walking on uneven terrain alone increases the risk of falls for PD patients due to postural instability and gait disturbances.
Which of the following instructions should be given to the client's family if a client with impaired swallowing has to take solid medication?
- A. Mix the medication with food
- B. Use the liquid form of the medication
- C. Check with the physician or pharmacist before crushing or breaking tablets
- D. or opening capsules
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Not all medications can be safely altered, so consulting healthcare providers is essential.
Patients with intracerebral hemorrhage need to be observed for signs and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure. During the compensatory phase of increased intracranial pressure an initial change in vital signs includes
- A. Cheyne-Stokes respiration
- B. an increase in pupil size
- C. a rapid irregular pulse
- D. an increase in systemic blood pressure
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Increased blood pressure is a compensatory mechanism for raised intracranial pressure.