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The nurse is preparing to care for a client's new tattoo. Which action would the nurse take first?
- A. Cover the new tattoo with antibiotic ointment.
- B. Wash hands prior to gloving.
- C. Place a sterile gauze dressing over the tattoo.
- D. Teach the client to use a sunscreen (SPF 30) while in the sun.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: As with any wound care, the nurse performs hand hygiene prior to donning gloves. The nurse is then ready to care for the newly tattooed skin. Antibiotic ointment is applied each day for 5 days. A sterile dressing is used to cover the tattoo for the first 12 hours. Sunscreen is good protection for the tattoo but not as part of a new tattoo treatment regimen.
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A client has just been diagnosed with rosacea. The nurse knows that initial treatment of rosacea includes what?
- A. Corticosteroids
- B. Antibiotics
- C. Antifungals
- D. Retinoids
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Physicians treat rosacea initially with oral antibiotics, such as minocycline (Minocin). Corticosteroids are used in some skin disorders for their anti-inflammatory effect. Antifungals are used for the treatment of fungal infections. Retinoids are used in the treatment of acne.
The home health nurse is caring for a client with scabies. When instructing on the proper procedure to wash preworn contaminated clothing, which nursing instruction is essential?
- A. Use commercial grade laundry detergent.
- B. Pretreat clothing where scabies contact existed.
- C. Wash clothes through two laundry cycles.
- D. Use hot water throughout wash cycle.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse is correct to instruct the client to use hot water throughout the wash cycle. Using hot water kills scabies and infectious agents on the laundry. If using the correct wash settings, the client does not need to use commercial-grade laundry detergent; the clothing does not need pretreated nor washed through two cycles.
The nurse is caring for a client prescribed oral griseofulvin for treatment of a fungal toenail infection. Which instruction by the nurse is essential in understanding the treatment plan?
- A. Take the medication with meals.
- B. Administer medications daily.
- C. Continue medication regimen for several weeks.
- D. Administer a stool softener to offset constipation.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fungal infections are difficult to treat and often take many weeks of medication to eradicate. Taking medication with meals, administering daily, and using stool softeners are good teaching components but not essential in understanding the treatment plan.
The nurse is working with community groups. At what location would the nurse anticipate a possible scabies outbreak?
- A. Shopping mall
- B. Swimming pool
- C. College dormitory
- D. Gymnasium
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse is correct to anticipate a potential scabies outbreak in a college dormitory. Outbreaks are common where large groups of people are confined or housed. Spread of scabies is from skin-to-skin contact. Although there are groups of people at the shopping mall, swimming pool, and gymnasium, typically, there is no personal contact.
A client asks the nurse what psoriasis is. What is the best answer?
- A. It is a chronic, infectious inflammatory disease.
- B. It is characterized by patches of redness covered with silvery scales.
- C. A cure is possible with prompt treatment.
- D. The onset typically occurs in young children.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Psoriasis is characterized by patches of erythema covered with silvery scales, usually on the extensor surfaces of the elbows, knees, trunk, and scalp. It is a chronic non-infectious inflammatory disease. Psoriasis has no cure. The onset is in young- and middle-adulthood.