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The nurse is preparing to conduct a Romberg test with a patient. For how many seconds should the nurse explain to the patient that the position will need to be held?
- A. 10
- B. 20
- C. 30
- D. 40
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Romberg test requires the patient to stand with feet together and eyes closed for 20 seconds. Swaying or loss of balance during this time indicates a positive test. Holding the position for 20 seconds is sufficient to assess balance and proprioception.
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The part of the brain responsible for unconscious bodily functions is the:
- A. cerebrum.
- B. cerebellum.
- C. brain stem.
- D. cranial nerves.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The brain stem is responsible for regulating unconscious bodily functions, such as breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure. It includes structures like the medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain. These areas control vital processes necessary for survival and maintain homeostasis. The brain stem also serves as a pathway for nerve signals traveling between the brain and the rest of the body, making it essential for basic life functions.
When assessing a patient's mental status, the nurse should:
- A. Evaluate the patient's orientation, memory, and cognitive function.
- B. Measure the patient's blood pressure.
- C. Inspect the patient's skin for abnormalities.
- D. Check the patient's respiratory rate.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mental status assessment involves evaluating orientation, memory, and cognitive function. Blood pressure, skin inspection, and respiratory rate are unrelated to mental status.
What is the unit of Nervous system?
- A. Brain
- B. Spinal Cord
- C. Neuron
- D. Nerves
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Neuron is the correct answer because it is the structural and functional unit of the nervous system. Neurons are specialized cells that transmit electrical and chemical signals, enabling communication within the nervous system and between the nervous system and other parts of the body.
A diagnosis of a ruptured cerebral aneurysm has been made in a patient with manifestations of a stroke. The nurse anticipates which treatment option that would be considered for the patient?
- A. Hyperventilation therapy
- B. Surgical clipping of the aneurysm
- C. Administration of hyperosmotic agents
- D. Administration of thrombolytic therapy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Surgical clipping prevents further bleeding from a ruptured aneurysm
What should the nurse explain about levodopa?
- A. It stimulates dopamine receptors in the basal ganglia.
- B. It promotes the release of dopamine from brain neurons.
- C. It is a precursor of dopamine that is converted to dopamine in the brain.
- D. It prevents the excessive breakdown of dopamine in the peripheral tissues.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Levodopa is a precursor of dopamine that crosses the blood-brain barrier