Foundations and Adult Health Nursing Test Bank

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A postpartum client expresses concerns about breastfeeding and worries about inadequate milk supply. What nursing intervention should be prioritized to address the client's concerns?

  • A. Assessing the infant's latch and feeding effectiveness
  • B. Recommending supplemental formula feedings to ensure adequate nutrition
  • C. Educating the client about techniques to increase milk production
  • D. Referring the client to a lactation consultant for assistance
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Assessing the infant's latch and feeding effectiveness should be prioritized as the initial nursing intervention to address the client's concerns about inadequate milk supply. Poor latch can lead to ineffective milk removal, which may result in decreased milk production. By ensuring the infant is latching correctly and effectively transferring milk, the client's milk supply can be optimized. Education about techniques to increase milk production can be provided following the assessment of feeding effectiveness. Referring to a lactation consultant may be necessary for further evaluation and support if issues persist despite correcting the latch. Supplemental formula feedings should be recommended as a last resort after all other interventions have been attempted and if there are concerns about inadequate nutrition for the infant.

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Choose from the following the primary goals of TPN? I. promote weight gain II. improve nutritional status III. maintain muscle mass IV. establish nitrogen balance! V. enhance healing process

  • A. I, II, & III
  • B. I, & II,
  • C. I, II, III, & IV
  • D. I, II , III , IV & V
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) is a method of providing nutrition to patients who cannot or should not obtain their nutrition through regular oral intake. The primary goals of TPN include promoting weight gain, improving nutritional status, maintaining muscle mass, and establishing nitrogen balance. These goals are crucial to support the overall health and well-being of the patient receiving TPN. Enhancing the healing process is an important aspect of TPN as well, but it is not considered one of the primary goals as weight gain, nutritional status, muscle mass, and nitrogen balance are typically the immediate priorities when administering TPN.

In what way wil1 the nurse handles the situation?

  • A. Tell her to trust on God's love and mercy.
  • B. Te1l her that death is a reality.
  • C. Encourage her to keep calm because the health care team I doing their best to help Ramon recover
  • D. Encourage the mother to express more about her thoughts and feelings
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this situation, the most appropriate way for the nurse to handle it would be to encourage the mother to keep calm because the health care team is doing their best to help Ramon recover. This response acknowledges the mother's concerns and reassures her that everything possible is being done for her son's well-being. It also helps to foster trust and rapport between the nurse, mother, and the healthcare team, which is important for effective communication and support during a challenging time. Promoting a sense of calm and trust in the healthcare professionals can help alleviate the mother's anxiety and stress, allowing her to focus on being a supportive presence for her son.

Since nadine is Four years old, Nurse Alma needs to determine the routines and rituals concerning, which of the following, EXCEPT ______.

  • A. Feeding
  • B. Sleep pattern
  • C. Toilet training
  • D. Favorite toys
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Since Nadine is just four years old, determining her favorite toys is not a critical aspect for Nurse Alma to consider in terms of routines and rituals. While knowing Nadine's favorite toys may help provide comfort or distraction, it is not as essential as ensuring proper feeding, sleep patterns, and toilet training for a young child's well-being and development. The focus should primarily be on aspects that directly impact her physical health, growth, and daily routines at this age.

A patient with a history of chronic kidney disease is prescribed erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) for anemia management. Which parameter should the nurse monitor closely during ESA therapy?

  • A. Serum potassium levels
  • B. Hemoglobin levels
  • C. Serum creatinine levels
  • D. White blood cell count
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When a patient with chronic kidney disease is prescribed erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) for anemia management, the parameter that should be monitored closely by the nurse is the hemoglobin levels. Hemoglobin levels indicate the patient's response to ESA therapy and are essential in assessing the effectiveness of the treatment in addressing anemia. Monitoring hemoglobin levels helps ensure that the patient's anemia is controlled within the target range to avoid both the risks of under-treatment (resulting in persistent anemia) and over-treatment (increased risk of adverse outcomes such as hypertension, stroke, or cardiovascular events).

When the nurse collects data at one point in time are called which of the following?

  • A. Time series.
  • B. Longitudinal
  • C. Cross-sectiona l
  • D. Crossover
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When the nurse collects data at one point in time, it is referred to as a cross-sectional study. Cross-sectional studies are observational research designs that provide a snapshot of a population or a sample at a specific point in time. This type of study can help identify associations or relationships between variables at a single time point but cannot establish causality or determine changes over time. In contrast, time series involve collecting data over multiple time points, longitudinal studies follow individuals or samples over time to track changes or outcomes, and crossover studies involve multiple interventions or treatments over different periods.

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