Nokea
The nurse is providing care to a 46-year-old female patient. The patient appears hesitant when asked of her sexual history, and the nurse discovers that the patient is a lesbian. What education should the nurse provide to this patient pertaining to her health?
- A. Lesbians often are at higher risk for menstrual disorders, abnormal insulin production, and infertility.
- B. Lesbians often are at higher risk due to lower socioeconomic disparities than their heterosexual counterparts.
- C. Lesbians often refuse choices in health care such as the HPV vaccine as many feel they are not at risk.
- D. Lesbians often have fewer health issues than their heterosexual counterparts due to their strong support systems.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The education that the nurse should provide to the lesbian patient pertains to her health includes the fact that lesbians often are at higher risk for menstrual disorders, abnormal insulin production, and infertility. It is important for the nurse to be aware of potential health risks that may affect lesbians specifically, as this knowledge can help in providing appropriate care and interventions. By addressing these specific health concerns, the nurse can promote the patient's overall well-being and empower her to take proactive steps to maintain her health.
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A charge nurse is working on a postpartum unit and discovers that one of the patients did not receive AM care during her shift assessment. The charge nurse questions the nurse assigned to provide care and finds out that the nurse thought “the patient should just do it by herself because she will have to do this at home.” On further questioning of the nurse, it is determined that the rest of her assigned patients were provided AM care. The assigned nurse has violated which ethical principle?
- A. Justice
- B. Truth
- C. Confidentiality
- D. Autonomy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Justice in healthcare ethics refers to the fair and equal distribution of resources, care, and treatment. In this scenario, the nurse's decision to not provide AM care to the specific patient, while providing care to other patients, violates the principle of justice. It is unfair and unjust to selectively provide care based on personal assumptions rather than patients' needs. All patients should be treated equally and receive appropriate care regardless of individual beliefs or assumptions.
A nurse is caring for a patient who states she is experiencing a thin vaginal discharge with a strong fishy odor. What test does the nurse prepare?
- A. whiff test
- B. vaginal culture
- C. urine culture
- D. blood test
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A nurse caring for a patient who presents with a thin vaginal discharge with a strong fishy odor should prepare for performing a whiff test. The whiff test, also known as the amine or sniff test, is used to aid in the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis (BV). BV is a common vaginal infection characterized by an overgrowth of harmful bacteria in the vagina and can cause symptoms like thin, grayish-white discharge with a strong fishy odor.
The nurse is assessing a 42-year-old patient who presents to the gynecology office with complaints of pelvic pressure, backaches, menorrhagia, and urinary frequency. The health care provider has diagnosed the patient with leiomyoma of the uterus. What are the treatment options for this condition? Select all that apply.
- A. Routine pelvic examinations to assess rate of disease process
- B. Oral contraceptives to control the bleeding and pain
- C. Myomectomy for women who desire pregnancy
- D. Hysterectomy for women who do not desire pregnancy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: - Oral contraceptives are a common treatment option for leiomyoma of the uterus to help control the bleeding and pain associated with the condition.
The nurse is assessing a 64-year-old female patient. The patient states that she is able to reduce the risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs) by drinking a quart of cranberry juice a day. Which health condition, if present in this patient, contraindicates the use of cranberry juice?
- A. Hypertension, managed with lisinopril
- B. Diabetes type 1, managed with insulin
- C. Atrial fibrillation, managed with warfarin
- D. COPD, managed with inhaled steroids
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cranberry juice has the potential to interact with warfarin, a common blood thinner prescribed for conditions such as atrial fibrillation. Cranberry juice contains components that can inhibit the metabolism of warfarin in the body, leading to an increased risk of bleeding. Therefore, patients taking warfarin should avoid or limit their intake of cranberry juice to prevent potential negative interactions. In this case, the patient's use of warfarin to manage atrial fibrillation contraindicates the consumption of cranberry juice in large quantities. It is essential to consult a healthcare provider before making any changes to the diet, especially when taking medications that may interact with certain foods or beverages.
Which response by the nurse is the most therapeutic when the patient states, “I’m so afraid to N R I G B.C M U S N T O have a cesarean birth”?
- A. “Everything will be OK.”
- B. “Don’t worry about it. It will be over soon.”
- C. “What concerns you most about a cesarean birth?”
- D. “The physician will be in later and you can talk to him.”
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most therapeutic response by the nurse when the patient expresses fear about having a cesarean birth is to offer an open-ended question that explores the patient's concerns further. By asking, "What concerns you most about a cesarean birth?" the nurse acknowledges the patient's fears, encourages communication, and allows the patient to express her feelings and fears in more detail. This response shows empathy and enables the nurse to better address the specific worries and anxieties the patient may have about the procedure. The other options do not effectively address the patient's fears and do not promote therapeutic communication.