Nokea
The nurse is providing care to a 75-year-old female patient diagnosed with osteoporosis. Which of the following would be the priority nursing diagnosis?
- A. At risk for falls related to impaired balance
- B. Knowledge deficit related to new medication regimen
- C. Impaired physical mobility related to pain and skeletal changes
- D. Ineffective health maintenance related to continued immobility
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: At risk for falls related to impaired balance. This is the priority nursing diagnosis because falls in elderly patients with osteoporosis can lead to serious consequences such as fractures. Assessing and addressing impaired balance can help prevent falls.
Choice B is incorrect as addressing the risk of falls is more urgent than educating the patient on a new medication regimen. Choice C is also incorrect as addressing mobility issues can come after addressing the risk of falls. Choice D is incorrect as it focuses on health maintenance rather than immediate safety concerns like the risk of falls.
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In the acronym BRAIDED, which letter is used to identify the key components of informed consent that the nurse must document?
- A. B stands for birth control.
- B. R stands for reproduction.
- C. A stands for alternatives.
- D. I stands for ineffective.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In BRAIDED, 'A' stands for alternatives, representing the key component of informed consent that includes information about other viable methods.
The nurse is assessing a patient’s use of complementary and alternative therapies. Which should the nurse document as an alternative or complementary therapy practice? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Practicing yoga daily
- B. Drinking green tea in the morning
- C. Taking omeprazole (Prilosec) once a day
- D. Using aromatherapy during a relaxing bath
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Practicing yoga daily. Yoga is considered a complementary therapy as it focuses on integrating the mind, body, and spirit for overall well-being. It is a holistic approach that complements traditional medical treatments.
- B: Drinking green tea in the morning is a healthy habit but not specifically categorized as a complementary or alternative therapy.
- C: Taking omeprazole is a conventional medication for acid reflux and not considered an alternative or complementary therapy.
- D: Using aromatherapy during a relaxing bath is a complementary therapy, but the question asked for alternative or complementary therapy practices, not both.
The nurse is arranging education for the menopausal support group regarding the approaches to treat the symptoms. Which of the following would be components of current treatments? Select all that apply.
- A. Moderately intense exercises
- B. Balanced diet, rich in calcium
- C. Alternative medicine such as black cohosh
- D. Over-the-counter sleep aid
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: Moderate-intensity exercises are recommended for managing menopausal symptoms like hot flashes and mood swings by improving overall health and reducing stress. Exercise can also help with weight management and bone health.
Summary:
- Balanced diet with calcium (B) is important for overall health but not specific to treating menopausal symptoms.
- Alternative medicine like black cohosh (C) may have limited evidence and can vary in effectiveness.
- Over-the-counter sleep aids (D) may help with sleep disturbances but are not specific to managing menopausal symptoms.
Which information regarding substance abuse is important for the nurse to understand?
- A. Cigarette smoking has little effect on maternity-related health.
- B. Women, ages 21 to 34 years, have the highest rates of specific alcohol-related problems.
- C. Coffee is a stimulant that has been related to birth defects.
- D. Prescription psychotherapeutic drugs do not affect the fetus.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Alcohol abuse during pregnancy has been associated with many negative outcomes. Cigarette smoking impairs fertility and causes low-birth-weight infants.
What condition is associated with advanced paternal age?
- A. Autosomal dominant disorder
- B. Schizophrenia
- C. Autism spectrum disorder
- D. Down syndrome
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Advanced paternal age increases the risk of autosomal dominant disorders, schizophrenia, and autism spectrum disorder, but not Down syndrome, which is linked to maternal age.