Nokea
The nurse is providing health-promotion teaching related to heart health and is explaining modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors. Smoking is a modifiable risk factor. After a diagnosis of cardiovascular-related illness, approximately what percentage of patients that were smokers quit?
- A. 5
- B. 15
- C. 25
- D. 50
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: After diagnosis of a cardiovascular-related illness, fewer than 5% of Canadians quit smoking.
You may also like to solve these questions
The nurse is caring for an older-adult patient with heart failure and learns that the patient lives alone and sometimes confuses the 'water pill' with the 'heart pill.' When planning for the patient's discharge the nurse will facilitate which of the following actions?
- A. Transfer to a dementia care service
- B. Referral to a home health care agency
- C. Placement in a long-term care facility
- D. Arrangements for around-the-clock care
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The data about the patient suggest that assistance in developing a system for taking medications correctly at home is needed. A home health nurse will assess the patient's home situation and help the patient develop a method for taking the two medications as directed. There is no evidence that the patient requires services such as dementia care, long-term care, or around-the-clock home care.
Which of the following diagnostic tests will be most useful to the nurse in determining whether a patient admitted with acute shortness of breath has heart failure?
- A. Serum creatine kinase (CK)
- B. Arterial blood gases (ABGs)
- C. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)
- D. 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: BNP is secreted when ventricular pressures increase, as with heart failure, and elevated BNP indicates a probable or very probable diagnosis of heart failure. 12-lead ECGs, ABGs, and CK also may be used in determining the causes or effects of heart failure but are not as clearly diagnostic of heart failure as BNP.
The nurse is caring for a patient with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Which of the following values should the nurse expect to assess in the patient related to ejection fraction?
- A. 40%
- B. 60%
- C. 80%
- D. 90%
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Normal EF is greater than 55% of the ventricular volume. Patients with HF-REF requiring specialist intervention generally have an EF less than or equal to 40%.
An outpatient who has heart failure returns to the clinic after 2 weeks of therapy with an ACE inhibitor. Which of these assessment findings is most important for the nurse to report to the health care provider?
- A. Pulse rate of 56
- B. 2+ pedal edema
- C. BP of 88/42 mm Hg
- D. Complaints of fatigue
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The patient's BP indicates that the dose of the ACE inhibitor may need to be decreased because of hypotension. Bradycardia is a frequent adverse effect of β-adrenergic blockade, but the rate of 56 is not unusual with β-blocker therapy. β-adrenergic blockade initially will worsen symptoms of heart failure in many patients, and patients should be taught that some increase in symptoms, such as fatigue and edema, is expected during the initiation of therapy with this class of drugs.
The nurse is caring for a patient with right-sided heart failure who asks the nurse what caused the heart failure. Which of the following causes is the primary cause of right-sided heart failure?
- A. Cor pulmonale
- B. Chronic pulmonary hypertension
- C. Left-sided heart failure
- D. Acute decompensated heart failure
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The primary cause of right-sided failure is left-sided failure. In this situation, left-sided failure results in pulmonary congestion and increased pressure in the blood vessels of the lungs (pulmonary hypertension).