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The nurse is providing treatment education to the caregiver of a school-age child recently diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which statement(s) made by the caregiver demonstrate an understanding of the education?
- A. Understanding that nonstimulant medications show little benefit in treatment.
- B. Designating an established area for study.
- C. Anticipating being automatically entered into a specialized education plan.
- D. Knowing that medication is not always the best approach to treatment.
- F. Maintaining a consistent home schedule.
Correct Answer: B,D,F
Rationale: Designating a study area, recognizing non-medication approaches, and maintaining a consistent schedule support ADHD management, while nonstimulants can be effective, and IEPs are not automatic.
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A mother brings her 2-month-old to the well-baby clinic. She states that when she kisses her baby, the infant's skin tastes salty. The nurse should prepare the mother for what standard diagnostic test to screen for cystic fibrosis (CF)?
- A. Sweat-chloride test.
- B. Faecal-fat test.
- C. Pulmonary-function test.
- D. Potassium chloride test.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Salty-tasting skin is a hallmark of cystic fibrosis, and the sweat-chloride test is the standard diagnostic test.
When advising a new mother on caring for a child with croup, which symptom should be a priority concern for the telephone triage nurse?
- A. Fever of 101.0°F (38.3°C)
- B. Cries often when nursing
- C. Difficulty swallowing secretions.
- D. Barking cough, worse at night
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Difficulty swallowing secretions indicates potential airway obstruction, a critical concern requiring immediate attention.
During her sports physical examination, 15-year-old female requests oral contraceptives. She explains that she is sexually active and does not want her parents to know. Which action should the nurse take?
- A. Encourage the client to discuss her need for contraceptives with her parents.
- B. Counsel the client about the risks and benefits of using oral contraceptives.
- C. Explain that she needs parental approval to receive contraceptives.
- D. Tell the client how to receive a variety of free oral contraceptives from the clinic.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Providing counseling about the risks and benefits of oral contraceptives ensures the client is informed and respects her autonomy and privacy while ensuring she receives necessary information.
The nurse is caring for an adolescent with type 1 diabetes mellitus presenting with an HbA1c of 11% (97 mmol/mol), thirst, and blurred vision. Which action should the nurse take first?
- A. Review prior insulin prescriptions.
- B. Obtain point-of-care glucose.
- C. Assess urine for ketones.
- D. Check blood pressure.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Obtaining a point-of-care glucose reading is the first step to assess current blood glucose levels, given symptoms suggestive of hyperglycemia.
A 10-year-old boy has been seen frequently by the school nurse over the past three weeks after school begins in the fall. He reports headaches, stomach aches, and difficulty sleeping. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Ask the boy to describe a typical day at school.
- B. Compare the child's vital signs over the past three weeks.
- C. Conduct a complete neurological assessment.
- D. Counsel the parents to pay more attention to the child.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Describing a typical school day helps identify potential stressors causing the symptoms, guiding further intervention.