Concepts of Family Health Care

Concepts of Family Health Care Related

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The nurse is reinforcing teaching on the rising incidence of HIV in adults over the age of 50 with a group of senior community members. Which factors should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)

  • A. Older adults are less likely to use condoms than younger at-risk adults.
  • B. At-risk individuals over the age of 50 are less likely to be tested for HIV.
  • C. Society continues to age with larger numbers of people entering this age group.
  • D. A decline in the function of the immune system increases the risk of HIV infection.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Older adults are less likely to use condoms due to factors such as decreased perception of risk and lack of awareness.
Step 2: This places them at higher risk for HIV transmission.
Step 3: Reinforcing education on condom use can help prevent HIV transmission in this age group.
Step 4: Therefore, choice A is correct.
Summary: Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly address the specific risk factors for HIV transmission in adults over 50. Choice B focuses on testing, while choices C and D mention general population trends and immune system function, which are not directly related to the increased HIV incidence in this age group.

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Which question has the highest priority when assessing a newly admitted patient with a history of alcohol abuse?

  • A. Have you ever had blackouts?'
  • B. When did you have your last drink?'
  • C. Has drinking caused you any problems?'
  • D. When did you decide to seek treatment?'
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, "When did you have your last drink?" This question is crucial in assessing the patient's current alcohol intake and potential withdrawal symptoms. Knowing this information helps determine the urgency of medical intervention and monitoring. Choice A focuses on past experiences, not immediate concerns. Choice C is important but does not address the patient's current condition. Choice D is relevant for treatment planning but not as urgent as knowing the last drink time for immediate assessment.

An alcohol-dependent individual says, 'Drinking helps me cope with being a single parent.' Which response by the nurse would help the individual conceptualize the drinking more objectively?

  • A. Sooner or later, alcohol will kill you. Then what will happen to your children?'
  • B. I hear a lot of defensiveness in your voice. Do you really believe this?'
  • C. If you were coping so well, why were you hospitalized again?'
  • D. Tell me what happened the last time you drank.'
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because it encourages the individual to reflect on their past behavior and consequences of drinking. By asking about the last drinking episode, the nurse helps the individual connect their coping mechanism with actual outcomes. This approach promotes self-awareness and personal responsibility.

Choice A focuses on fear-mongering and may increase resistance. Choice B may come off as confrontational and judgmental, hindering open communication. Choice C is accusatory and may trigger feelings of guilt or shame, rather than fostering insight. Overall, choice D is the most effective as it guides the individual to explore their experiences and understand the link between drinking and its effects.

Which of the following is not considered one of the 'Ten Rights of Medication Administration'?

  • A. The 'right' verification
  • B. The 'right' to refuse
  • C. The 'right' documentation
  • D. The 'right' client education
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Verification (A) is not among the standard Ten Rights.

The mentally retarded can be gainfully placed in the work in three situations i.e. selfemployment, ----------------employment and open employment:

  • A. Sheltered
  • B. Protected
  • C. Cushy
  • D. Comfortable
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Sheltered employment provides a supportive work setting for those with intellectual disabilities.

The nurse is collecting data for a patient with suspected exposure to HIV. Which symptoms would be most concerning in this patient?

  • A. Tremors, edema, coughing
  • B. Fever, diarrhea, sore throat
  • C. Urticaria, sneezing, pruritus
  • D. Abdominal pain, anorexia, and vomiting
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because fever, diarrhea, and sore throat are common symptoms associated with acute HIV infection. Fever is often the first symptom, followed by other flu-like symptoms such as diarrhea and sore throat. These symptoms may indicate an acute retroviral syndrome, which occurs within 2-4 weeks of initial HIV infection. Tremors, edema, coughing (Choice A) are not typical symptoms of acute HIV infection. Urticaria, sneezing, pruritus (Choice C) are more indicative of allergic reactions or other non-HIV related conditions. Abdominal pain, anorexia, vomiting (Choice D) are also not specific to HIV infection.

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