Nokea
The nurse is reporting on the results of client blood work to the oncoming nurse. Upon reviewing the data, the nurse notes that the client has an elevated uric acid level. Which inflammatory process would the nurse screen for on shift rounds?
- A. Inflammation arthritis
- B. Lupus erythematous
- C. Osteoporosis
- D. Gout
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Gout is a medical condition with symptoms of acute inflammatory arthritis that is caused by high levels of uric acid in the blood. The client has uric acid crystal deposits in the joint. The nurse would assess joint areas for pain, redness, and swelling. Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic disease of joint inflammation and pain. Lupus erythematosus is a chronic tissue disorder of the connective tissue and is known to have an elevated antinuclear antibody level. Osteoporosis has a deficiency in the serum calcium level.
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The orthopedic nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with a fracture of the radius. In which type of bone tissue does the nurse anticipate the fracture being?
- A. Collagen
- B. Cortical
- C. Cancellous
- D. Cartilage
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cancellous bone or spongy bone is light and contains many spaces making it a less solid bone than the cortical or compact bone. Collagen and cartilage are not types of bone tissue.
A nurse is caring for a client with an undiagnosed bone disease. When instructing on the normal process to maintain bone tissue, which process transforms osteoblasts into mature bone cells?
- A. Remodelling
- B. Resorption
- C. Ossification and calcification
- D. Epiphyses and diaphysis formation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ossification and calcification transform osteoblasts into mature bone cells called osteocytes. Osteocytes are involved in maintaining bone tissue. Resorption and remodelling are involved in bone destruction. Epiphyses and diaphysis are bone tissues that provide strength and support to the human skeleton.
The nurse is working on an orthopedic floor caring for a client injured in a football game. The nurse is reviewing the client's chart noting that the client has previously had an injured tendon. The nurse anticipates an injury between the periosteum of the bone and which of the following?
- A. Joint
- B. Muscle
- C. Ligament
- D. Cartilage
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tendons attach muscles to the periosteum of bone. Joints are a junction between two or more bones. Ligaments connect two freely movable bones. Cartilage is a dense connective tissue used to reduce friction between two structures.
The emergency department nurse is reporting the location of a fracture to the client's primary care physician. When stating the location of the fracture on the long shaft of the femur, the nurse would be most correct to state which terminology locating the fractured site?
- A. The fracture is on the diaphysis.
- B. The fracture is ventially located.
- C. The fracture is on the epiphysis.
- D. The fracture is on the tuberosity.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A fracture that is on the diaphysis is understood to be chiefly found in the long shafts of the arms and legs. The epiphysis are rounded, irregular ends of the bones. Saying a fracture is ventially located does not assist in providing adequate details of the location of the fracture. A tuberosity is a projection from the bone or a protuberance.
A client experiences a musculoskeletal injury that involves the structure that connects a muscle to the bone. The nurse understands that this injury involves which structure?
- A. Ligament
- B. Tendon
- C. Cartilage
- D. Joint
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tendons are cordlike structures that attach muscles to the periosteum of the bone. Ligaments consisting of fibrous tissue connect two adjacent, freely movable bones. Cartilage is a firm dense type of connective tissue that reduces friction between articular surfaces, absorbs shock, and reduces the stress on joint surfaces. A joint is the junction between 2 or more bones.