Nokea
The nurse is reviewing drug therapy for hypertension. According to the JNC-8 guidelines, antihypertensive drug therapy for a newly diagnosed hypertensive black patient would most likely include which drug or drug classes?
- A. Vasodilators alone
- B. ACE inhibitors alone
- C. Calcium channel blockers with thiazide diuretics
- D. Beta blockers with thiazide diuretics
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: According to the JNC-8 guidelines, calcium channel blockers and thiazide diuretics are recommended as first-line therapy for management of hypertension in black patients. The other drugs are not recommended as first-line drugs for this group.
You may also like to solve these questions
The nurse is preparing for a community education program on hypertension. Which of these parameters determine the regulation of arterial blood pressure?
- A. Cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance
- B. Heart rate and peripheral resistance
- C. Blood volume and renal blood flow
- D. Myocardial contractility and arteriolar constriction
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Blood pressure is determined by the product of cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance. The other options are incorrect.
A patient's blood pressure elevates to 270/150 mm Hg, and a hypertensive emergency is obvious. He is transferred to the intensive care unit and started on a sodium nitroprusside drip to be titrated per his response. With this medication, the nurse knows that the maximum dose of this drug should be infused for how long?
- A. 10 minutes
- B. 30 minutes
- C. 1 hour
- D. 24 hours
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sodium nitroprusside is a potent vasodilator and may lead to extreme decreases in the patient's blood pressure. For this reason, it is never infused at the maximum dose for more than 10 minutes. If this drug does not control a patient's blood pressure after 10 minutes, it will most likely be ordered to be discontinued. The other times listed are incorrect.
A patient who has been taking antihypertensive drugs for a few months states that a new, persistent dry cough is very bothersome. The nurse knows that this cough is an adverse effect of which class of antihypertensive drugs?
- A. Beta blockers
- B. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
- C. Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)
- D. Calcium channel blockers
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ACE inhibitors cause a characteristic dry, nonproductive cough that reverses when therapy is stopped. The other drug classes do not cause this cough.
A patient who is now in heart failure after a recent myocardial infarction will be receiving a new prescription for eplerenone. The nurse is reviewing the patient's laboratory results and will report which of these as a potential contraindication?
- A. Serum sodium level 136 mEq/L
- B. Serum potassium 5.6 mEq/L
- C. Elevated white blood cell count
- D. Elevated cardiac troponin levels
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Eplerenone is contraindicated in patients with elevated serum potassium levels (higher than 5.5 mEq/L). The other answers are incorrect.
The nurse is creating a plan of care for a patient with a new diagnosis of hypertension. Which is a potential human needs statement for the patient taking antihypertensive medications?
- A. Altered GI elimination (diarrhea)
- B. Altered sexual function
- C. Altered urinary elimination (urge incontinence)
- D. Need for effective perception
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Altered sexual function is a potential human needs statement related to possible adverse effects of antihypertensive drug therapy. The other human needs statements are not appropriate.