Nokea
The nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas results of an assigned client. Which arterial blood gases indicate metabolic alkalosis?
- A. pH of 7.35, Pco2 of $50 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg}, \mathrm{HCO} 3- of $32 \mathrm{mEq} / \mathrm{L}$
- B. pH of 7.45, Pco2 of $35 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg}, \mathrm{HCO} 3- of $22 \mathrm{mEq} / \mathrm{L}$
- C. pH of 7.38, Pco2 of $45 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg}, \mathrm{HCO} 3- of $32 \mathrm{mEq} / \mathrm{L}$
- D. pH of 7.48, Pco2 of $40 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg}, \mathrm{HCO} 3- of $36 \mathrm{mEq} / \mathrm{L}$
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Metabolic alkalosis features high pH (>7.45) and elevated HCO3- (>26 mEq/L) with normal Pco2 (35-45 mm Hg). Option D (pH 7.48, Pco2 40, HCO3- 36) fits this, indicating excess base. A is respiratory acidosis. B is normal. C is compensated. D is correct. Rationale: High HCO3- from vomiting or diuretics causes alkalosis, uncompensated here, per ABG interpretation principles.
You may also like to solve these questions
The nurse must verify the client's identity before administration of medication. Which of the following is the safest way to identify the client?
- A. Ask the client his name
- B. Check the client's identification band
- C. State the client's name aloud and have the client repeat it
- D. Check the room number
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ID band is the most reliable method, ensuring accuracy even if the client is confused.
The nurse raised her fist to Mr. Gary who refused his medication. This is an example of?
- A. Malpractice
- B. Negligence
- C. Assault
- D. Battery
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Raising a fist to Mr. Gary is assault (C) intentional threat, per law. Malpractice (A) and negligence (B) are care failures, battery (D) requires touch. C fits the threatening act, making it correct.
Which intervention is important in preventing pressure ulcers in immobilized patients?
- A. Frequent repositioning
- B. Encouraging immobility
- C. Maintaining prolonged periods of immobility
- D. Applying tight dressings over bony prominences
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Frequent repositioning prevents pressure ulcers in immobilized patients by relieving pressure on skin over bones, boosting circulation, and reducing tissue breakdown risk. Sustaining or promoting immobility heightens this risk, as does tight dressings that add pressure and impair blood flow. Nurses implement this intervention shifting positions every two hours, for instance to protect skin integrity, a fundamental strategy in caring for those unable to move independently, prioritizing prevention over reactive treatment.
The nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client with a history of nephrotic syndrome. Which food should the client be instructed to avoid?
- A. Baked chicken breast
- B. Canned chicken noodle soup
- C. Fresh apple slices
- D. Steamed broccoli
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Canned chicken noodle soup, high in sodium, worsens edema in nephrotic syndrome baked chicken, apples, and broccoli are low-sodium and protein-friendly. Nurses teach sodium restriction, reducing fluid retention, supporting kidney function in this protein-losing condition.
A woman who is six months pregnant is seen in antepartal clinic. She states she is having trouble with constipation. To minimize this condition, the nurse should instruct her to
- A. Increase her fluid intake to three liters/day
- B. Request a prescription for a laxative from her physician
- C. Stop taking iron supplements
- D. Take two tablespoons of mineral oil daily
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Increased fluid intake helps prevent constipation by softening stool.