Nokea
The nurse is studying antacids that contain magnesium and calcium for the pharmacology exam. The student nurse remembers that these antacids should be used with caution in patients with which condition?
- A. Hypertension
- B. Renal failure
- C. Heart failure
- D. Peptic ulcer disease
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
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A client with a diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder is prescribed buspirone. The nurse should include which instruction in the client's teaching plan?
- A. This medication may cause drowsiness; avoid driving.
- B. This medication may take several weeks to take effect.
- C. This medication can be taken on an as-needed basis.
- D. This medication should be taken with food.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
A client is prescribed metoprolol. The nurse should monitor for which common side effect of this medication?
- A. Dizziness
- B. Fatigue
- C. Orthostatic hypotension
- D. Headache
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dizziness. Metoprolol, a beta-blocker, can lead to dizziness as a common side effect due to its mechanism of action in reducing heart rate and blood pressure. This effect can cause a sensation of lightheadedness or unsteadiness, particularly when standing up quickly. While fatigue, orthostatic hypotension, and headache are potential side effects of metoprolol, dizziness is commonly observed and should be closely monitored by the nurse to ensure patient safety.
A client whose seizure disorder has been managed with phenytoin is admitted to the emergency department with status epilepticus. Which drug should the practical nurse anticipate being prescribed for administration to treat these seizures?
- A. Phenytoin
- B. Diazepam
- C. Phenobarbital
- D. Carbamazepine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the management of status epilepticus, which is a life-threatening condition of prolonged seizures, rapid intervention is crucial. Diazepam is the drug of choice for treating status epilepticus due to its fast onset of action and effectiveness in stopping seizures. It acts by enhancing the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA to suppress seizure activity quickly. Phenytoin, although used for long-term seizure control, has a slower onset of action and is not the first-line medication for managing status epilepticus.
When a client with hypertension is prescribed losartan, what potential side effect should the nurse monitor for?
- A. Hyperkalemia
- B. Dry cough
- C. Bradycardia
- D. Headache
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Dry cough. Losartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker, can lead to a dry cough as a potential side effect. This occurs due to the drug's effect on the bradykinin pathway in the lungs. Monitoring for a dry cough is essential as it may indicate the need for further evaluation or medication adjustment to manage this adverse reaction.
A client with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder is prescribed valproate. The nurse should monitor for which potential adverse effect?
- A. Weight gain
- B. Hair loss
- C. Hyperglycemia
- D. Hypoglycemia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.