Nokea
The nurse is teaching a class on breast health to a group of ladies at a senior citizen's center. Which risk factor is the most important to emphasize to this group?
- A. The clients should find out about their family history of breast cancer.
- B. Men at this age can get breast cancer also and should be screened.
- C. Monthly breast self-examination is the key to early detection.
- D. The older a woman gets, the greater the chance of developing breast cancer.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Age is the most significant risk factor for breast cancer, with risk increasing as women age, especially in seniors. Family history is important but less universal, male breast cancer is rare, and BSE is secondary to awareness and screening.
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If the client tells the nurse that she would prefer to postpone the mastectomy until the biopsy has been more thoroughly examined, which is the most appropriate initial nursing action?
- A. Explain that most biopsies are accurate.
- B. Advocate for her choice of treatment.
- C. Discourage her from opposing the physician.
- D. Recommend that she seek a second opinion.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Advocating for the client's preferences supports patient autonomy and ensures her concerns are addressed, aligning with patient-centered care principles.
The client has been diagnosed with cancer of the breast. Which referral is most important for the nurse to make?
- A. The hospital social worker.
- B. CanSurmount.
- C. Reach to Recovery.
- D. I CanCope.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Reach to Recovery provides peer support from breast cancer survivors, addressing emotional and practical needs post-diagnosis. Social workers, CanSurmount, and I CanCope are valuable but less specific to breast cancer support.
The nurse is assessing a 34-year-old female client with fibrocystic breasts. Which question should the nurse ask the client during the assessment?
- A. Are your breasts more tender during your period?'
- B. Have you ever developed an allergy to chocolate?'
- C. Can you tell me more about your feelings of having fibrocystic breast changes?'
- D. Have you considered having a prophylactic mastectomy?'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fibrocystic breast changes cause cyclical tenderness, worse premenstrually; this question assesses symptoms. Chocolate allergies, feelings, and prophylactic mastectomy are irrelevant.
An elderly woman is diagnosed with pelvic relaxation disorder secondary to age-related changes. Which medication should the nurse expect to administer?
- A. Estrogen, a hormone.
- B. Cervidil, a cervical ripening agent.
- C. Progesterone, a hormone.
- D. Pitocin, an oxytocic agent.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Estrogen strengthens pelvic tissues in postmenopausal women with pelvic relaxation. Cervidil and Pitocin are for labor, and progesterone is less effective for this condition.
The nurse is assessing a male client for symptoms of gonorrhea. Which data support the diagnosis?
- A. Presence of a chancre sore on the penis.
- B. No symptoms.
- C. A CD4 count of less than 200.
- D. Pain in the testes and scrotal edema.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gonorrhea in males can be asymptomatic, especially early. Chancre sores indicate syphilis, low CD4 is HIV-related, and testicular pain/edema suggest epididymitis, not gonorrhea.